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qse/doc/page/awk-lang.md
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@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
QSEAWK Language {#awk-lang} QSEAWK Language {#awk-lang}
=============== ================================================================================
QSEAWK implements the language described in the QSEAWK implements the language described in the
[The AWK Programming Language][awkbook] with extensions. [The AWK Programming Language][awkbook] with extensions.
@ -63,14 +63,24 @@ represents the value of 0.
A string is enclosed in a pair of double quotes or single quotes. A string is enclosed in a pair of double quotes or single quotes.
A character in a string encosed in the double-quotes can be preceeded with A character in a string encosed in the double-quotes, when preceded with
a back-slash to change the meaning of the character. a back-slash, changes the meaning.
\\ - \\
\a - \a
\b - \b
\uXXXX - \uXXXX
\UXXXXXXXX - \UXXXXXXXX
You can use \\u and \\U in a string to specify a character by unicode if
[Character Type](@ref installation) chosen for building is the wide character
type.
BEGIN {
print "\uC720\uB2C8\uCF54\uB4DC \U00007D71\U00004E00\U000078BC";
}
This program should print 유니코드 統一碼.
There are no escaping sequences supported for a string enclosed in the single There are no escaping sequences supported for a string enclosed in the single
quotes. For that reason, you can't specify the single quote itself within quotes. For that reason, you can't specify the single quote itself within
@ -99,7 +109,7 @@ Each language element requires the option in the second column to be on.
<table> <table>
<tr><th>Element </th><th>Option </th></tr> <tr><th>Element </th><th>Option </th></tr>
<tr><td>Comment </td><td> </td></tr> <tr><td>Comment </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>Global variable declaration</td><td>#QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT </td></tr> <tr><td>Global variable declaration</td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>Pattern-action block </td><td>#QSE_AWK_PABLOCK </td></tr> <tr><td>Pattern-action block </td><td>#QSE_AWK_PABLOCK </td></tr>
<tr><td>User-defined function </td><td> </td></tr> <tr><td>User-defined function </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>\@include </td><td>#QSE_AWK_INCLUDE </td></tr> <tr><td>\@include </td><td>#QSE_AWK_INCLUDE </td></tr>
@ -120,7 +130,7 @@ A pattern-action block, and a user-defined function can have the following eleme
<table> <table>
<tr><th>Element </th><th>Option </th></tr> <tr><th>Element </th><th>Option </th></tr>
<tr><td>Local variable declaration</td><td>#QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT </td></tr> <tr><td>Local variable declaration</td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>Statement </td><td> </td></tr> <tr><td>Statement </td><td> </td></tr>
<tr><td>getline </td><td>#QSE_AWK_RIO </td></tr> <tr><td>getline </td><td>#QSE_AWK_RIO </td></tr>
<tr><td>print </td><td>#QSE_AWK_RIO </td></tr> <tr><td>print </td><td>#QSE_AWK_RIO </td></tr>
@ -218,116 +228,74 @@ BEGIN {
The !== operator is a negated form of the === operator. The !== operator is a negated form of the === operator.
@subsection awk_ext_vardecl VARIABLE DECLARATION ### Variable Declaration ###
#QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT enables variable declaration. Variables declared are accessed Variables declared are accessed directly bypassing the global named map
directly bypassing the global named map that stores undeclared variables. that stores undeclared variables. The keyword \@global introduces a global
The keyword @b global introduces a global variable and the keyword @b local variable and the keyword \@local introduces local variable. Local variable
introduces local variable. Local variable declaraion in a block must be declaraion in a block must be located before an expression or a statement
located before an expression or a statement appears. appears.
@code @global g1, g2; #declares two global variables g1 and g2
global g1, g2; #declares two global variables g1 and g2 BEGIN {
@local a1, a2, a3; # declares three local variables
g1 = 300; a1 = 200;
{
@local a1; # a1 here hides the a1 at the outer scope
@local g1; # g1 here hides the global g1
a1 = 10; g1 = 5;
print a1, g1; # it prints 10 and 5
}
print a1, g1; # it prints 200 and 300
}
BEGIN {
local a1, a2, a3; # declares three local variables
g1 = 300; a1 = 200;
{
local a1; # a1 here hides the a1 at the outer scope
local g1; # g1 here hides the global g1
a1 = 10; g1 = 5;
print a1, g1; # it prints 10 and 5
}
print a1, g1; # it prints 200 and 300
}
@endcode
However, turning on #QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT does not disable named variables.
To disable named variables, you must turn off #QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT. To disable named variables, you must turn off #QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT.
@subsection awk_ext_include INCLUDE ### \@include ###
The \@include directive inserts the contents of the object specified in the The \@include directive inserts the contents of the object specified in the
following string, typically a file name, as if they appeared in the source following string, typically a file name, as if they appeared in the source
stream being processed. The directive can only be used at the outmost scope stream being processed. The directive can only be used at the outmost scope
where global variable declarations, @b BEGIN, @b END, and/or pattern-action where global variable declarations, *BEGIN*, *END*, and/or pattern-action
blocks appear. To use \@include, you must turn on #QSE_AWK_INCLUDE. blocks appear.
@code @include "abc.awk"
@include "abc.awk" BEGIN { func_in_abc (); }
BEGIN { func_in_abc (); }
@endcode
A semicolon is optional after the included file name. The following is the A semicolon is optional after the included file name. The following is the
same as the sample above. same as the sample above.
@code
@include "abc.awk"; @include "abc.awk";
BEGIN { func_in_abc(); } BEGIN { func_in_abc(); }
@endcode
If #QSE_AWK_NEWLINE is off, the semicolon is required. If #QSE_AWK_NEWLINE is off, the semicolon is required.
### Function Call ###
@subsection awk_ext_funcall FUNCTIONC CALL name(1);
name(1);
if there is no space between 'name' and the left parenthesis, the if there is no space between 'name' and the left parenthesis, the
name is treated as a function name. name is treated as a function name.
name (1); name (1);
If there is a space, the name is treated as a function name if the If there is a space, the name is treated as a function name if the
name has been declared as the function or if #QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT is on, name has been declared as the function or if #QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT is on,
it may be 'name' concatenated with the expression in the parentheses. it may be 'name' concatenated with the expression in the parentheses.
The following is a valid program. The following is a valid program.
@code
@pragma implicit off BEGIN { name (1); }
BEGIN { name (1); } function name(a) { print a; }'
function name(a) { print a; }'
@endcode
However, in this program, the first 'name' becomes a named global variable. However, in this program, the first 'name' becomes a named global variable.
so the function declaration with 'name' triggers the variable redefinition so the function declaration with 'name' triggers the variable redefinition
error. error.
@pragma implicit on
BEGIN { name (1); }
function name(a) { print a; }'
@endcode
@subsection awk_ext_print EXTENDED PRINT/PRINTF BEGIN { name (1); }
When #QSE_AWK_TOLERANT is on, print and printf are treated as if function name(a) { print a; }'
they are function calls. In this mode, they return a negative number
on failure and a zero on success and any I/O failure doesn't abort
a running program.
@code ### GROUPED EXPRESSION ###
BEGIN {
a = print "hello, world" > "/dev/null";
print a;
a = print ("hello, world") > "/dev/null";
print a;
}
@endcode
Since print and printf are like function calls, you can use them
in any context where a normal expression is allowed. For example,
printf is used as a conditional expression in an 'if' statement
in the sample code below.
@code
BEGIN {
if ((printf "hello, world\n" || "tcp://127.0.0.1:9999") <= -1)
print "FAILURE";
else
print "SUCCESS";
}
@endcode
@subsection awk_ext_exprgroup GROUPED EXPRESSION
When #QSE_AWK_TOLERANT is on, you can use a grouped expression without When #QSE_AWK_TOLERANT is on, you can use a grouped expression without
the 'in' operator. A grouped expression is a parentheses-enclosed list the 'in' operator. A grouped expression is a parentheses-enclosed list
of expressions separated with a comma. Each expression in the group is of expressions separated with a comma. Each expression in the group is
@ -344,153 +312,19 @@ BEGIN {
} }
@endcode @endcode
@subsection awk_ext_rwpipe TWO-WAY PIPE ### RETURN ###
The two-way pipe indicated by @b || is supproted, in addition to the one-way
pipe indicated by @b |. Turn on #QSE_AWK_RWPIPE to enable the two-way pipe.
@code
BEGIN {
print "15" || "sort";
print "14" || "sort";
print "13" || "sort";
print "12" || "sort";
print "11" || "sort";
# close the input side of the pipe as 'sort' starts emitting result
# once the input is closed.
close ("sort", "r");
while (("sort" || getline x) > 0) print "xx:", x;
}
@endcode
This two-way pipe can create a TCP or UDP connection if the pipe command
string is prefixed with one of the followings:
- tcp:// - establishes a TCP connection to a specified IP address/port.
- udp:// - establishes a TCP connection to a specified IP address/port.
- tcpd:// - binds a TCP socket to a specified IP address/port and waits for the first connection.
- udpd:// - binds a TCP socket to a specified IP address/port and waits for the first sender.
@code
BEGIN {
# it binds a TCP socket to the IPv6 address :: and the port number
# 9999 and waits for the first coming connection. It repeats writing
# "hello world" to the first connected peer and reading a line from
# it until the session is torn down.
do {
print "hello world" || "tcpd://[::]:9999";
if (("tcpd://[::]:9999" || getline x) <= 0) break;
print x;
}
while(1);
}
@endcode
You can specify TCP or UDP timeouts for connection, accepting, reading, and
writing with setioattr (pipe-name, timeout-name, timeout-value). timeout-name
should be one of "ctimeout", "atimeout", "rtimeout", and "wtimeout".
timeout-value is a number specifying the actual timeout in milliseconds.
A negative value indicates no timeout.
You can call getioattr (pipe-name, timeout-name) to get the current
timeout-value set.
See the example below.
@code
BEGIN {
setioattr ("tcp://127.0.0.1:9999", "ctimeout", 3000);
setioattr ("tcp://127.0.0.1:9999", "rtimeout", 5000);
print "hello world" || "tcp://127.0.0.1:9999";
"tcp://127.0.0.1:9999" || getline x;
print x;
}
@endcode
Here is a more interesting example adopting Michael Sanders'
AWK web server, modified for QSEAWK.
@code
#
# Michael Sanders' AWK web server for QSEAWK.
# Orginal code in http://awk.info/?tools/server
#
# qseawk --tolerant=on --rwpipe=on webserver.awk
#
BEGIN {
x = 1 # script exits if x < 1
port = 8080 # port number
host = "tcpd://0.0.0.0:" port # host string
url = "http://localhost:" port # server url
status = 200 # 200 == OK
reason = "OK" # server response
RS = ORS = "\r\n" # header line terminators
doc = Setup() # html document
len = length(doc) + length(ORS) # length of document
while (x) {
if ($1 == "GET") RunApp(substr($2, 2))
if (! x) break
print "HTTP/1.0", status, reason || host
print "Connection: Close" || host
print "Pragma: no-cache" || host
print "Content-length:", len || host
print ORS doc || host
close(host) # close client connection
host || getline # wait for new client request
}
# server terminated...
doc = Bye()
len = length(doc) + length(ORS)
print "HTTP/1.0", status, reason || host
print "Connection: Close" || host
print "Pragma: no-cache" || host
print "Content-length:", len || host
print ORS doc || host
close(host)
}
function Setup() {
tmp = "<html>\
<head><title>Simple gawk server</title></head>\
<body>\
<p><a href=" url "/xterm>xterm</a>\
<p><a href=" url "/xcalc>xcalc</a>\
<p><a href=" url "/xload>xload</a>\
<p><a href=" url "/exit>terminate script</a>\
</body>\
</html>"
return tmp
}
function Bye() {
tmp = "<html>\
<head><title>Simple gawk server</title></head>\
<body><p>Script Terminated...</body>\
</html>"
return tmp
}
function RunApp(app) {
if (app == "xterm") {system("xterm&"); return}
if (app == "xcalc" ) {system("xcalc&"); return}
if (app == "xload" ) {system("xload&"); return}
if (app == "exit") {x = 0}
}
@endcode
@subsection awk_ext_return RETURN
The return statement is valid in pattern-action blocks as well as in functions. The return statement is valid in pattern-action blocks as well as in functions.
The execution of a calling block is aborted once the return statement is executed. The execution of a calling block is aborted once the return statement is executed.
@code @code
$ qseawk 'BEGIN { return 20; }' ; echo $? $ qseawk 'BEGIN { return 20; }' ; echo $?
20 20
@endcode #endcode
If #QSE_AWK_MAPTOVAR is on, you can return an arrayed value from a function. If #QSE_AWK_MAPTOVAR is on, you can return an arrayed value from a function.
@code @code
function getarray() { function getarray() {
local a; @local a;
a["one"] = 1; a["one"] = 1;
a["two"] = 2; a["two"] = 2;
a["three"] = 3; a["three"] = 3;
@ -498,14 +332,14 @@ function getarray() {
} }
BEGIN { BEGIN {
local x; @local x;
x = getarray(); x = getarray();
for (i in x) print i, x[i]; for (i in x) print i, x[i];
} }
@endcode @endcode
@subsection awk_ext_reset RESET
### RESET ###
The reset statement resets an array variable back to the initial state. The reset statement resets an array variable back to the initial state.
After that, the array variable can also be used as a scalar variable again. After that, the array variable can also be used as a scalar variable again.
You must have #QSE_AWK_RESET on to be able to be able to use this You must have #QSE_AWK_RESET on to be able to be able to use this
@ -520,7 +354,7 @@ BEGIN {
} }
@endcode @endcode
@subsection awk_ext_abort ABORT ### ABORT ###
The abort statment is similar to the exit statement except that The abort statment is similar to the exit statement except that
it skips executing the END block. You must have #QSE_AWK_ABORT on to be it skips executing the END block. You must have #QSE_AWK_ABORT on to be
able to use this statement. able to use this statement.
@ -535,10 +369,7 @@ END {
} }
@endcode @endcode
@subsection awk_ext_comment COMMENT ### EXTENDED FUNCTIONS ###
You can use the C-style comment as well as the pound comment.
@subsection awk_ext_fnc EXTENDED FUNCTIONS
index() and match() can accept the third parameter indicating the position index() and match() can accept the third parameter indicating the position
where the search begins. A negative value indicates a position from the back. where the search begins. A negative value indicates a position from the back.
@ -557,7 +388,7 @@ BEGIN {
} }
@endcode @endcode
@subsection awk_ext_fs EXTENDED FS ### EXTENDED FS ###
If the value for FS begins with a question mark followed by 4 If the value for FS begins with a question mark followed by 4
additional letters, QSEAWK can split a record with quoted fields additional letters, QSEAWK can split a record with quoted fields
@ -599,84 +430,6 @@ $3: a b c
@endcode @endcode
@subsection awk_ext_binnum BINARY NUMBER
Use 0b to begin a binary number sequence.
@code
$ qseawk 'BEGIN { printf ("%b %o %d %x\n", 0b1101, 0b1101, 0b1101, 0b1101); }'
1101 15 13 d
@endcode
@subsection awk_ext_unicode UNICODE ESCAPE SEQUENCE
If QSE is compiled for #QSE_CHAR_IS_WCHAR, you can use \\u and \\U in a
string to specify a character by unicode.
@code
$ qseawk 'BEGIN { print "\uC720\uB2C8\uCF54\uB4DC \U00007D71\U00004E00\U000078BC"; }'
유니코드 統一碼
@endcode
@subsection awk_ext_ioenc I/O ENCODING
You can call setioattr() to set the character encoding of a stream resource
like a pipe or a file. See qse_findcmgr() for a list of supported encoding names.
Let's say you run this simple echoing script on a WIN32 platform that has
the active code page of 949 and is reachable at the IP address 192.168.2.8.
@code
C:\> chcp
Active code page: 949
C:\> type s.awk
BEGIN {
sock = "tcpd://0.0.0.0:9999";
setioattr (sock, "codepage", "cp949"); # this is not needed since the active
# code page is already 949.
do {
if ((sock || getline x) <= 0) break;
print "PEER: " x;
print x || sock;
}
while(1);
}
C:\> qseawk --rwpipe=on -f r.awk
PEER: 안녕
PEER: ?好!
@endcode
Now you run the following script on a UTF-8 console of a Linux box.
@code
$ echo $LANG
en_US.UTF-8
$ cat c.awk
BEGIN {
peer = "tcp://192.168.2.8:9999";
setioattr (peer, "codepage", "cp949");
do
{
printf "> ";
if ((getline x) <= 0) break;
print x || peer;
if ((peer || getline line) <= -1) break;
print "PEER: " line;
}
while (1);
}
$ qseawk --rwpipe=on -f c.awk
> 안녕
PEER: 안녕
> 你好!
PEER: ?好!
@endcode
Note that 你 has been converted to a question mark since the letter is
not supported by cp949.
## Built-in I/O ## ## Built-in I/O ##
QSEAWK comes with built-in I/O commands and functions in addition to the QSEAWK comes with built-in I/O commands and functions in addition to the
@ -687,11 +440,16 @@ is available only if QSEAWK is set with #QSE_AWK_RIO.
The *getline* command has multiple forms of usage. It can be used with or The *getline* command has multiple forms of usage. It can be used with or
without a variable name and can also be associated with a pipe or a file without a variable name and can also be associated with a pipe or a file
redirection. Basically, it reads a record from an input stream associated redirection. The default association is the console when no pipe and file
and stores it. redirection is specified. In principle, it reads a record from the associated
input stream and updates $0 or a variable with the record. If it managed to
perform this successfully, it return 1; it if detected EOF, it returns 0; it
return -1 on failure.
*getline* without a following variable reads a record from an associated *getline* without a following variable reads a record from an associated
input stream and updates $0 with the value. It also updates *NF*, *FNR*, *NR*. input stream, updates $0 with the value and increments *FNR*, *NR*. Updating
$0 also causes changes in *NF* and fields from $1 to $NF.
The sample below reads records from the console and prints them. The sample below reads records from the console and prints them.
BEGIN { BEGIN {
@ -711,19 +469,112 @@ and updates the variable with the value. It updates *FNR* and *NR*, too.
while (getline line > 0) print line; while (getline line > 0) print line;
} }
*getline* is associated with the console by default. you can change it You can change the stream association to a pipe or a file. If *getline* or
to a file or a pipe by using |, ||, <. *getline variable* is followed by a input redirection operator(<) and
an expression, the evaluation result of the expression becomes the name of
the file to read records from. The file is opened at the first occurrence
and can be closed with the *close* function.
The *getline* command acts like a function in that it returns a value: 1 on BEGIN {
success, 0 on EOF, -1 on error. But you can't place an empty parentheses filename = "/etc/passwd";
when no variable name is specified nor can you parenthesize the optional while ((getline line < filename) > 0) print line;
variable name. For example, *getline(a)* is different from *getline a* and close (filename);
means the concatenation of the return value of *getline* and the variable *a*. }
When *getline* or *getline variable* is preceded with an expression and a pipe
operator(|), the evaluation result of the expression becomes the name of
the external command to execute. The command is executed at the first occurrence
and can be terminated with the *close* function. The example below reads
the output of the *ls -laF* command and prints it to the console.
BEGIN {
procname = "ls -laF";
while ((procname | getline line) > 0) print line;
close (procname);
}
The two-way pipe operator(||) can also be used to read records from an
external command. There is no visible chanages to the end-user in case
of the example above if you switch the operator.
BEGIN {
procname = "ls -laF";
while ((procname || getline line) > 0) print line;
close (procname);
}
The *getline* command acts like a function in that it returns a value.
But you can't place an empty parentheses when no variable name is specified
nor can you parenthesize the optional variable name. For example, *getline(a)*
is different from *getline a* and means the concatenation of the return value
of *getline* and the variable *a*. Besides, it is not clear if
getline a < b
is
(getline a) < b
or
(getline) (a < b)
For this reason, you are advised to parenthesize *getline* and its related
components to avoid confusion whenever necessary. The example reading into
the variable *line* can be made clearer with parenthesization.
BEGIN {
while ((getline line) > 0) print line;
}
### print ### ### print ###
**TODO**
### printf ### ### printf ###
When #QSE_AWK_TOLERANT is on, print and printf are treated as if
they are function calls. In this mode, they return a negative number
on failure and a zero on success and any I/O failure doesn't abort
a running program.
BEGIN {
a = print "hello, world" > "/dev/null";
print a;
a = print ("hello, world") > "/dev/null";
print a;
}
Since print and printf are like function calls, you can use them
in any context where a normal expression is allowed. For example,
printf is used as a conditional expression in an 'if' statement
in the sample code below.
BEGIN {
if ((printf "hello, world\n" || "tcp://127.0.0.1:9999") <= -1)
print "FAILURE";
else
print "SUCCESS";
}
### close (io-name, what) ###
The *close* function closes a stream indicated by the name *io-name*. It takes
an optional parameter *what* indicating whether input or output should be
closed.
If *io-name* is a file, it closes the file handle associated;
If *io-name* is a command, it may kill the running process from the command,
reclaims other sytstem resources, and closes the pipe handles;
If *io-name* is a network stream, it tears down connections to the network
peer and closes the socket handles.
The optional paramenter *what* must be one of *r* or *w* when used is useful
when *io-name* is a command invoked for the two-way operator. The value of
*r* causes the function to close the read-end of the pipe and the value of
*w* causes the function to close the write-end of the pipe.
The function returns 0 on success and -1 on failure.
### setioattr (io-name, attr-name, attr-value) ### ### setioattr (io-name, attr-name, attr-value) ###
The *setioattr* function changes the I/O attribute of the name *attr-name* to The *setioattr* function changes the I/O attribute of the name *attr-name* to
@ -762,4 +613,181 @@ failure.
else print "codepage: " codepage; else print "codepage: " codepage;
} }
### Two-way Pipe ###
The two-way pipe is indicated by the two-way pipe operator(||) and QSEAWK
must be set with #QSE_AWK_RWPIPE to be able to use the two-way pipe.
The example redirects the output of *print* to the external *sort* command
and reads back the output.
BEGIN {
print "15" || "sort";
print "14" || "sort";
print "13" || "sort";
print "12" || "sort";
print "11" || "sort";
# close the input side of the pipe as 'sort' starts emitting result
# once the input is closed.
close ("sort", "r");
while (("sort" || getline x) > 0) print x;
}
This two-way pipe can create a TCP or UDP connection if the pipe command
string is prefixed with one of the followings:
- tcp:// - establishes a TCP connection to a specified IP address/port.
- udp:// - establishes a TCP connection to a specified IP address/port.
- tcpd:// - binds a TCP socket to a specified IP address/port and waits for the first connection.
- udpd:// - binds a TCP socket to a specified IP address/port and waits for the first sender.
See this example.
BEGIN {
# it binds a TCP socket to the IPv6 address :: and the port number
# 9999 and waits for the first coming connection. It repeats writing
# "hello world" to the first connected peer and reading a line from
# it until the session is torn down.
do {
print "hello world" || "tcpd://[::]:9999";
if (("tcpd://[::]:9999" || getline x) <= 0) break;
print x;
}
while(1);
}
You can manipulate TCP or UDP timeouts for connection, accepting, reading, and
writing with the *setioattr* function and the *getioattr* function.
See the example below.
BEGIN {
setioattr ("tcp://127.0.0.1:9999", "ctimeout", 3);
setioattr ("tcp://127.0.0.1:9999", "rtimeout", 5.5);
print "hello world" || "tcp://127.0.0.1:9999";
"tcp://127.0.0.1:9999" || getline x;
print x;
}
Here is an interesting example adopting Michael Sanders' AWK web server,
modified for QSEAWK.
#
# Michael Sanders' AWK web server for QSEAWK.
# Orginal code in http://awk.info/?tools/server
#
# qseawk --tolerant=on --rwpipe=on webserver.awk
#
BEGIN {
x = 1 # script exits if x < 1
port = 8080 # port number
host = "tcpd://0.0.0.0:" port # host string
url = "http://localhost:" port # server url
status = 200 # 200 == OK
reason = "OK" # server response
RS = ORS = "\r\n" # header line terminators
doc = Setup() # html document
len = length(doc) + length(ORS) # length of document
while (x) {
if ($1 == "GET") RunApp(substr($2, 2))
if (! x) break
print "HTTP/1.0", status, reason || host
print "Connection: Close" || host
print "Pragma: no-cache" || host
print "Content-length:", len || host
print ORS doc || host
close(host) # close client connection
host || getline # wait for new client request
}
# server terminated...
doc = Bye()
len = length(doc) + length(ORS)
print "HTTP/1.0", status, reason || host
print "Connection: Close" || host
print "Pragma: no-cache" || host
print "Content-length:", len || host
print ORS doc || host
close(host)
}
function Setup() {
tmp = "<html>\
<head><title>Simple gawk server</title></head>\
<body>\
<p><a href=" url "/xterm>xterm</a>\
<p><a href=" url "/xcalc>xcalc</a>\
<p><a href=" url "/xload>xload</a>\
<p><a href=" url "/exit>terminate script</a>\
</body>\
</html>"
return tmp
}
function Bye() {
tmp = "<html>\
<head><title>Simple gawk server</title></head>\
<body><p>Script Terminated...</body>\
</html>"
return tmp
}
function RunApp(app) {
if (app == "xterm") {system("xterm&"); return}
if (app == "xcalc" ) {system("xcalc&"); return}
if (app == "xload" ) {system("xload&"); return}
if (app == "exit") {x = 0}
}
### I/O Character Encoding ###
You can change the character encoding encoding of a stream. See qse_findcmgr()
for a list of supported encoding names.
Let's say you run this simple echoing script on a WIN32 platform that has
the active code page of 949 and is reachable at the IP address 192.168.2.8.
C:\> chcp
Active code page: 949
C:\> type s.awk
BEGIN {
sock = "tcpd://0.0.0.0:9999";
setioattr (sock, "codepage", "cp949");
do {
if ((sock || getline x) <= 0) break;
print "PEER: " x;
print x || sock;
}
while(1);
}
C:\> qseawk -f r.awk
PEER: 안녕
PEER: ?好!
Now you run the following script on a UTF-8 console of a Linux box.
$ echo $LANG
en_US.UTF-8
$ cat c.awk
BEGIN {
peer = "tcp://192.168.2.8:9999";
setioattr (peer, "codepage", "cp949");
do
{
printf "> ";
if ((getline x) <= 0) break;
print x || peer;
if ((peer || getline line) <= -1) break;
print "PEER: " line;
}
while (1);
}
$ qseawk --rwpipe=on -f c.awk
> 안녕
PEER: 안녕
> 你好!
PEER: ?好!
Note that 你 has been converted to a question mark since the letter is
not supported by cp949.
[awkbook]: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/awkbook/ [awkbook]: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/awkbook/

21
qse/doc/page/installation.md
View File

@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
Installation {#installation} Installation {#installation}
============ ================================================================================
## Source Package ## Source Package
--------------
You can download the source package from You can download the source package from
@ -14,7 +15,8 @@ repository by executing the following command:
svn checkout http://qse.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/qse/ svn checkout http://qse.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/qse/
## Building on Unix/Linux ## Building on Unix/Linux
----------------------
The project uses the standard autoconf/automake generated script files for The project uses the standard autoconf/automake generated script files for
buildiing. If you work on the systems where these scripts can run, you can buildiing. If you work on the systems where these scripts can run, you can
@ -26,7 +28,8 @@ follow the standard procedures of configuring and making the project.
You can use this method of building for MinGW or Cygwin on Windows. You can use this method of building for MinGW or Cygwin on Windows.
## Cross-compiling for WIN32 ## Cross-compiling for WIN32
-------------------------
While the autoconf/automake scripts may not support your native compilers, While the autoconf/automake scripts may not support your native compilers,
you can cross-compile it for WIN32/WIN64 with a cross-compiler. Get a you can cross-compile it for WIN32/WIN64 with a cross-compiler. Get a
@ -48,7 +51,8 @@ With MINGW-W64, you may run *configure* as shown below:
The actual host and target names may vary depending on the cross-compiler The actual host and target names may vary depending on the cross-compiler
installed. installed.
## Native Makefiles ## Native Makefiles
----------------
The project provides makefiles for some selected compilers and platforms. The project provides makefiles for some selected compilers and platforms.
The makefiles were generated with bakefile (www.bakefile.org) and can be The makefiles were generated with bakefile (www.bakefile.org) and can be
@ -66,7 +70,8 @@ the wide character type, you can execute this:
cd bld\os2-watcom cd bld\os2-watcom
wmake BUILD=release CHAR=wchar wmake BUILD=release CHAR=wchar
## Build Options ## Build Options
-------------
The configure script and the native makefiles provides some options that you The configure script and the native makefiles provides some options that you
can use to change the build environment. The options presented here can be can use to change the build environment. The options presented here can be
@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ extra information useful for debugging. The default mode is **release**.
debug | enable-debug | BUILD=debug debug | enable-debug | BUILD=debug
release | disable-debug | BUILD=release release | disable-debug | BUILD=release
### Character Type ### ### Character Type ###
You can choose between the wide charcter type and the multi-byte character You can choose between the wide charcter type and the multi-byte character
type as a basic character type represented in the #qse_char_t type. The default type as a basic character type represented in the #qse_char_t type. The default

7
qse/doc/page/mainpage.md
View File

@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
QSE {#mainpage} QSE {#mainpage}
=================== ================================================================================
@image html qse-logo.png @image html qse-logo.png
The QSE library implements AWK, SED, and Unix commands in an embeddable form The QSE library implements AWK, SED, and Unix commands in an embeddable form
@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ Chung, Hyung-Hwan <hyunghwan.chung@gmail.com>
See the subpages for more information. See the subpages for more information.
- @subpage installation - @ref installation
- @subpage mem "Memory Management" - @subpage mem "Memory Management"
- @subpage cenc "Character Encoding" - @subpage cenc "Character Encoding"
- @subpage io "I/O Handling" - @subpage io "I/O Handling"

4
qse/include/qse/cmn/path.h
View File

@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ QSE_EXPORT int qse_ismbsdrivecurpath (
* @endcode * @endcode
* *
* If #QSE_CANONPATH_EMPTYSINGLEDOT is clear in the @a flags, a single dot * If #QSE_CANONPATH_EMPTYSINGLEDOT is clear in the @a flags, a single dot
* is produced if the input @path resolves to the current directory logically. * is produced if the input @a path resolves to the current directory logically.
* For example, dir/.. is canonicalized to a single period; If it is set, * For example, dir/.. is canonicalized to a single period; If it is set,
* an empty string is produced. Even a single period as an input produces * an empty string is produced. Even a single period as an input produces
* an empty string if it is set. * an empty string if it is set.
@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ QSE_EXPORT int qse_iswcsdrivecurpath (
* @endcode * @endcode
* *
* If #QSE_CANONPATH_EMPTYSINGLEDOT is clear in the @a flags, a single dot * If #QSE_CANONPATH_EMPTYSINGLEDOT is clear in the @a flags, a single dot
* is produced if the input @path resolves to the current directory logically. * is produced if the input @a path resolves to the current directory logically.
* For example, dir/.. is canonicalized to a single period; If it is set, * For example, dir/.. is canonicalized to a single period; If it is set,
* an empty string is produced. Even a single period as an input produces * an empty string is produced. Even a single period as an input produces
* an empty string if it is set. * an empty string if it is set.

2
qse/lib/awk/rio.c
View File

@ -1132,7 +1132,7 @@ int qse_awk_rtx_closeio (
qse_awk_rio_impl_t handler; qse_awk_rio_impl_t handler;
qse_awk_rio_rwcmode_t rwcmode = QSE_AWK_RIO_CLOSE_FULL; qse_awk_rio_rwcmode_t rwcmode = QSE_AWK_RIO_CLOSE_FULL;
if (opt != QSE_NULL) if (opt)
{ {
if (opt[0] == QSE_T('r')) if (opt[0] == QSE_T('r'))
{ {