- enhanced how to determine between a function call and a variable concatenated with an parenthsized expression.

- fixed a bug in split.

qse/include/qse/awk/awk.h

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $Id: awk.h 291 2009-09-21 13:28:18Z hyunghwan.chung $
+ * $Id: awk.h 299 2009-10-19 13:33:40Z hyunghwan.chung $
  *
     Copyright 2006-2009 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
     This file is part of QSE.
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ enum qse_awk_errnum_t
 	QSE_AWK_EKWWHL,    /**< keyword 'while' expected in place of '${0}' */
 	QSE_AWK_EASSIGN,   /**< assignment statement expected */
 	QSE_AWK_EIDENT,    /**< identifier expected in place of '${0}' */
-	QSE_AWK_EFUNNAME,  /**< '${0}' not a valid function name */
+	QSE_AWK_EFUNNAM,   /**< '${0}' not a valid function name */
 	QSE_AWK_EBLKBEG,   /**< BEGIN not followed by left bracket on the same line */
 	QSE_AWK_EBLKEND,   /**< END not followed by left bracket on the same line */
 	QSE_AWK_EKWRED,    /**< keyword '${0}' redefined */

qse/lib/awk/fnc.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $Id: fnc.c 290 2009-09-19 04:28:49Z hyunghwan.chung $
+ * $Id: fnc.c 299 2009-10-19 13:33:40Z hyunghwan.chung $
  *
     Copyright 2006-2009 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
     This file is part of QSE.
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 #include "awk.h"
 
+#include <qse/cmn/stdio.h>
+
 static int fnc_close   (qse_awk_rtx_t*, const qse_cstr_t*);
 static int fnc_fflush  (qse_awk_rtx_t*, const qse_cstr_t*);
 static int fnc_index   (qse_awk_rtx_t*, const qse_cstr_t*);
@@ -36,6 +38,19 @@ static int fnc_sprintf (qse_awk_rtx_t*, const qse_cstr_t*);
 #undef MAX
 #define MAX QSE_TYPE_UNSIGNED_MAX(qse_size_t)
 
+/* Argument Specifier 
+ *
+ * Each character in the specifier indicates how a parameter
+ * of the corresponding postion should be passed to a function.
+ *
+ * - v: value. pass it after normal evaluation.
+ * - r: pass a variable by reference
+ * - x: regular expression as it it. not evaluated as /rex/ ~ $0.
+ *
+ * If the first character of the specifer is 'R', all
+ * parameters are passed by reference regarless of the remaining
+ * chracters.
+ */
 static qse_awk_fnc_t sys_fnc[] = 
 {
 	/* io functions */
@@ -46,7 +61,7 @@ static qse_awk_fnc_t sys_fnc[] =
 	{ {QSE_T("index"),   5}, 0, 0,  {2,   3, QSE_NULL},     fnc_index},
 	{ {QSE_T("substr"),  6}, 0, 0,  {2,   3, QSE_NULL},     fnc_substr},
 	{ {QSE_T("length"),  6}, 1, 0,  {0,   1, QSE_NULL},     fnc_length},
-	{ {QSE_T("split"),   5}, 0, 0,  {2,   3, QSE_T("vrv")}, fnc_split},
+	{ {QSE_T("split"),   5}, 0, 0,  {2,   3, QSE_T("vrx")}, fnc_split},
 	{ {QSE_T("tolower"), 7}, 0, 0,  {1,   1, QSE_NULL},     fnc_tolower},
 	{ {QSE_T("toupper"), 7}, 0, 0,  {1,   1, QSE_NULL},     fnc_toupper},
 	{ {QSE_T("gsub"),    4}, 0, 0,  {2,   3, QSE_T("xvr")}, fnc_gsub},
@@ -714,6 +729,19 @@ static int fnc_split (qse_awk_rtx_t* run, const qse_cstr_t* fnm)
 			fs_rex_free = QSE_NULL;
 		}
 	}
+	else if (a2->type == QSE_AWK_VAL_REX)
+	{
+		/* the third parameter is a regular expression */
+
+		fs_rex = ((qse_awk_val_rex_t*)a2)->code;
+		fs_rex_free = QSE_NULL;
+
+		/* make the loop below to take fs_rex by 
+		 * setting fs_len greater than 1*/
+		fs_ptr = QSE_NULL;
+		fs_free = QSE_NULL;
+		fs_len = 2;
+	}
 	else 
 	{
 		if (a2->type == QSE_AWK_VAL_STR)

qse/lib/awk/parse.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $Id: parse.c 291 2009-09-21 13:28:18Z hyunghwan.chung $
+ * $Id: parse.c 299 2009-10-19 13:33:40Z hyunghwan.chung $
  *
     Copyright 2006-2009 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
     This file is part of QSE.
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_function (qse_awk_t* awk)
 	if (!MATCH(awk,TOK_IDENT)) 
 	{
 		/* cannot find a valid identifier for a function name */
-		SETERR_TOK (awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAME);
+		SETERR_TOK (awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAM);
 		return QSE_NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -4364,6 +4364,41 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary (
 	return left;
 }
 
+static int isfnname (qse_awk_t* awk, const qse_char_t* name, qse_size_t len)
+{
+	if (qse_awk_getfnc (awk, name, len) != QSE_NULL) 
+	{
+		/* implicit function */
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/* check if it is an awk function */
+	if (awk->tree.cur_fun.ptr != QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		if (qse_strxncmp (
+			awk->tree.cur_fun.ptr, awk->tree.cur_fun.len,
+			name, len) == 0)
+		{
+			/* the current function begin parsed */
+			return 2;	
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (qse_map_search (awk->tree.funs, name, len) != QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		/* one of the functions defined previously */
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	if (qse_map_search (awk->parse.funs, name, len) != QSE_NULL) 
+	{
+		/* one of the function calls not resolved so far. */ 
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary_ident (
 	qse_awk_t* awk, const qse_awk_loc_t* xloc)
 {
@@ -4401,7 +4436,7 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary_ident (
 			if (fnc->dfl0)
 			{
 				/* handles a function that assumes () 
-				 * when () is missing */
+				 * when () is missing. i.e. length */
 				nde = parse_fncall (
 					awk, namedup, namelen, fnc, xloc, 1);
 				if (nde == QSE_NULL) 
@@ -4435,13 +4470,24 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary_ident (
 
 		qse_awk_nde_var_t* nde;
 
-		if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
+		if ((awk->option & QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT) && 
+		    !(awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT))
 		{
-			/* a local variable is not a function */
+			/* if explicit only, the concatenation operator(.)
-			SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+			 * must be used. so it is obvious that it is a function
-				awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAME, namedup, namelen, xloc);
+			 * call, which is illegal for a local variable. 
-			QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+			 * if implicit, "local_var (1)" may be concatenation of
-			return QSE_NULL;
+			 * the value of local_var and 1.
+			 */
+			if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
+			{
+				/* a local variable is not a function */
+				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+					awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAM,
+					namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				return QSE_NULL;
+			}
 		}
 
 		nde = (qse_awk_nde_var_t*) QSE_AWK_ALLOC (
@@ -4470,13 +4516,18 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary_ident (
 
 		qse_awk_nde_var_t* nde;
 
-		if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
+		if ((awk->option & QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT) && 
+		    !(awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT))
 		{
-			/* a parameter is not a function */
+			if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
-			SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+			{
-				awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAME, namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				/* a parameter is not a function */
-			QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
-			return QSE_NULL;
+					awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAM,
+					namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				return QSE_NULL;
+			}
 		}
 
 		nde = (qse_awk_nde_var_t*) QSE_AWK_ALLOC (
@@ -4505,13 +4556,18 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary_ident (
 
 		qse_awk_nde_var_t* nde;
 
-		if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
+		if ((awk->option & QSE_AWK_EXPLICIT) && 
+		    !(awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT))
 		{
-			/* a global variable is not a function */
+			if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
-			SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+			{
-				awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAME, namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				/* a global variable is not a function */
-			QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
-			return QSE_NULL;
+					awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNNAM,
+					namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				return QSE_NULL;
+			}
 		}
 
 		nde = (qse_awk_nde_var_t*) QSE_AWK_ALLOC (
@@ -4534,116 +4590,122 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_primary_ident (
 
 		return (qse_awk_nde_t*)nde;
 	}
-	else if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN)) 
+	else
 	{
-		/* function call */
+		int fnname = isfnname (awk, namedup, namelen);
-		qse_awk_nde_t* nde;
 
-		if (awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT)
+		if (fnname)
 		{
-			if (qse_map_search (awk->parse.named, 
+			qse_awk_nde_t* nde;
-				namedup, namelen) != QSE_NULL)
+
+			if (!MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
 			{
-				/* a function call conflicts with a named variable */
+				/* function named appeared without () */
-				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+				if (fnname == 1)
-					awk, QSE_AWK_EVARRED,
+				{
-					namedup, namelen, xloc);
+					SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+						awk, QSE_AWK_EFNCRED,
+						namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+						awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNRED, 
+						namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				}
+
 				QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
 				return QSE_NULL;
 			}
-		}
 
-		nde = parse_fncall (
+			/* must be a function name */
-			awk, namedup, namelen, QSE_NULL, xloc,  0);
+			QSE_ASSERT (qse_map_search (
-		if (nde == QSE_NULL) QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				awk->parse.named, namedup, namelen) == QSE_NULL);
-		return (qse_awk_nde_t*)nde;
-	}	
-	else 
-	{
-		/* named variable */
-		qse_awk_nde_var_t* nde;
-
-		nde = (qse_awk_nde_var_t*) QSE_AWK_ALLOC (
-			awk, QSE_SIZEOF(qse_awk_nde_var_t));
-		if (nde == QSE_NULL) 
-		{
-			QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
-			SETERR_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_ENOMEM, xloc);
-			return QSE_NULL;
-		}
-
-		if (awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT) 
-		{
-			qse_bool_t iscur = QSE_FALSE;
-
-			/* the name should not conflict with a function name */
-			/* check if it is a builtin function */
-			if (qse_awk_getfnc (awk, namedup, namelen) != QSE_NULL)
-			{
-				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
-					awk, QSE_AWK_EFNCRED,
-					namedup, namelen, xloc);
-				goto exit_func;
-			}
-
-			/* check if it is an AWK function */
-			if (awk->tree.cur_fun.ptr != QSE_NULL)
-			{
-				iscur = (qse_strxncmp (
-					awk->tree.cur_fun.ptr,
-					awk->tree.cur_fun.len, 
-					namedup, namelen) == 0);
-			}
-
-			if (iscur || qse_map_search (awk->tree.funs, namedup, namelen) != QSE_NULL) 
-			{
-				/* the function is defined previously */
-				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
-					awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNRED,
-					namedup, namelen, xloc);
-				goto exit_func;
-			}
-
-			if (qse_map_search (
-				awk->parse.funs, 
-				namedup, namelen) != QSE_NULL)
-			{
-				/* is it one of the function calls found so far? */
-				SETERR_ARG_LOC (
-					awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNRED, 
-					namedup, namelen, xloc);
-				goto exit_func;
-			}
-
-			nde->type = QSE_AWK_NDE_NAMED;
-			nde->loc = *xloc;
-			nde->next = QSE_NULL;
-			nde->id.name.ptr = namedup;
-			nde->id.name.len = namelen;
-			nde->id.idxa = (qse_size_t)-1;
-			nde->idx = QSE_NULL;
-
-			/* collect unique instances of a named variable 
-			 * for reference */
-			if (qse_map_upsert (
-				awk->parse.named, 
-				namedup, namelen, QSE_NULL, 0) == QSE_NULL)
-			{
-				  SETERR_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_ENOMEM, xloc);
-				  goto exit_func;
-			}
 
+			nde = parse_fncall (
+				awk, namedup, namelen, QSE_NULL, xloc,  0);
+			if (nde == QSE_NULL) QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
 			return (qse_awk_nde_t*)nde;
 		}
+		else if (awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT) 
+		{
+			if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN) &&
+			    awk->tok.loc.lin == xloc->lin &&
+			    awk->tok.loc.col == xloc->col + namelen)
+			{
+				qse_awk_nde_t* nde;
 
-		/* undefined variable */
+				/* a function call to a yet undefined function */
-		SETERR_ARG_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_EUNDEF, namedup, namelen, xloc);
+				if (qse_map_search (awk->parse.named, 
+					namedup, namelen) != QSE_NULL)
+				{
+					/* a function call conflicts with a named variable */
+					SETERR_ARG_LOC (
+						awk, QSE_AWK_EVARRED,
+						namedup, namelen, xloc);
+					QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+					return QSE_NULL;
+				}
 
-	exit_func:
+				nde = parse_fncall (
-		QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+					awk, namedup, namelen, QSE_NULL, xloc,  0);
-		QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, nde);
+				if (nde == QSE_NULL) QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				return (qse_awk_nde_t*)nde;
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				qse_awk_nde_var_t* nde;
 
-		return QSE_NULL;
+				/* named variable */
+				nde = (qse_awk_nde_var_t*) QSE_AWK_ALLOC (
+					awk, QSE_SIZEOF(qse_awk_nde_var_t));
+				if (nde == QSE_NULL) 
+				{
+					QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+					SETERR_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_ENOMEM, xloc);
+					return QSE_NULL;
+				}
+	
+				nde->type = QSE_AWK_NDE_NAMED;
+				nde->loc = *xloc;
+				nde->next = QSE_NULL;
+				nde->id.name.ptr = namedup;
+				nde->id.name.len = namelen;
+				nde->id.idxa = (qse_size_t)-1;
+				nde->idx = QSE_NULL;
+	
+				/* collect unique instances of a named variable 
+				 * for reference */
+				if (qse_map_upsert (
+					awk->parse.named, 
+					namedup, namelen, QSE_NULL, 0) == QSE_NULL)
+				{
+					SETERR_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_ENOMEM, xloc);
+					QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, nde);
+					return QSE_NULL;
+				}
+
+				return (qse_awk_nde_t*)nde;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (MATCH(awk,TOK_LPAREN))
+			{
+				/* it is a function call as the name is followed 
+				 * by ( and implicit variables are disabled. */
+				qse_awk_nde_t* nde;
+				nde = parse_fncall (
+					awk, namedup, namelen, QSE_NULL, xloc,  0);
+				if (nde == QSE_NULL) QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+				return (qse_awk_nde_t*)nde;
+			}
+
+			/* undefined variable */
+			SETERR_ARG_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_EUNDEF, namedup, namelen, xloc);
+			QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, namedup);
+			return QSE_NULL;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -4768,40 +4830,21 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_hashidx (
 
 	if (awk->option & QSE_AWK_IMPLICIT) 
 	{
-		qse_bool_t iscur = QSE_FALSE;
+		int fnname = isfnname (awk, name, namelen);
-
+		if (fnname == 1)
-		/* check if it is a builtin function */
-		if (qse_awk_getfnc (awk, name, namelen) != QSE_NULL)
 		{
 			SETERR_ARG_LOC (	
 				awk, QSE_AWK_EFNCRED, name, namelen, xloc);
 			goto exit_func;
 		}
-
+		else if (fnname == 2)
-		/* check if it is an AWK function */
-		if (awk->tree.cur_fun.ptr != QSE_NULL)
 		{
-			iscur = (qse_strxncmp (
-				awk->tree.cur_fun.ptr, awk->tree.cur_fun.len, 
-				name, namelen) == 0);
-		}
-
-		if (iscur || qse_map_search (awk->tree.funs, name, namelen) != QSE_NULL) 
-		{
-			/* the function is defined previously */
 			SETERR_ARG_LOC (	
 				awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNRED, name, namelen, xloc);
 			goto exit_func;
 		}
 
-		if (qse_map_search (
+		QSE_ASSERT (fnname == 0);
-			awk->parse.funs, name, namelen) != QSE_NULL)
-		{
-			/* is it one of the function calls found so far? */
-			SETERR_ARG_LOC (
-				awk, QSE_AWK_EFUNRED, name, namelen, xloc);
-			goto exit_func;
-		}
 
 		nde->type = QSE_AWK_NDE_NAMEDIDX;
 		nde->loc = *xloc;
@@ -4817,7 +4860,6 @@ static qse_awk_nde_t* parse_hashidx (
 	/* undefined variable */
 	SETERR_ARG_LOC (awk, QSE_AWK_EUNDEF, name, namelen, xloc);
 
-
 exit_func:
 	qse_awk_clrpt (awk, idx);
 	QSE_AWK_FREE (awk, nde);
@@ -5549,7 +5591,6 @@ retry:
 			unget_char (awk, &awk->sio.last);	
 			awk->sio.last = lc;
 			if (get_number (awk, tok) <= -1) return -1;
-
 		}
 		else
 		{

qse/lib/awk/run.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $Id: run.c 292 2009-09-23 10:19:30Z hyunghwan.chung $
+ * $Id: run.c 299 2009-10-19 13:33:40Z hyunghwan.chung $
  *
     Copyright 2006-2009 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
     This file is part of QSE.
@@ -2285,7 +2285,13 @@ static int run_foreach (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, qse_awk_nde_foreach_t* nde)
 	if (rv == QSE_NULL) return -1;
 
 	qse_awk_rtx_refupval (rtx, rv);
-	if (rv->type != QSE_AWK_VAL_MAP)
+	if (rv->type == QSE_AWK_VAL_NIL) 
+	{
+		/* just return without excuting the loop body */
+		qse_awk_rtx_refdownval (rtx, rv);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else if (rv->type != QSE_AWK_VAL_MAP)
 	{
 		qse_awk_rtx_refdownval (rtx, rv);
 		SETERR_LOC (rtx, QSE_AWK_ENOTMAPIN, &test->right->loc);
@@ -3100,7 +3106,7 @@ static qse_awk_val_t* eval_expression (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, qse_awk_nde_t* nde)
 		if (rtx->inrec.d0->type == QSE_AWK_VAL_NIL)
 		{
 			/* the record has never been read. 
-			 * probably, this functions has been triggered
+			 * probably, this function has been triggered
 			 * by the statements in the BEGIN block */
 			n = QSE_AWK_ISEMPTYREX(rtx->awk,((qse_awk_val_rex_t*)v)->code)? 1: 0;
 		}

qse/lib/awk/tree.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $Id: tree.c 287 2009-09-15 10:01:02Z hyunghwan.chung $
+ * $Id: tree.c 299 2009-10-19 13:33:40Z hyunghwan.chung $
  *
     Copyright 2006-2009 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
     This file is part of QSE.
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ static int print_expr (qse_awk_t* awk, qse_awk_nde_t* nde)
 			qse_awk_nde_call_t* px = (qse_awk_nde_call_t*)nde;
 			PUT_SRCSTRX (awk, 
 				px->what.fnc.name.ptr, px->what.fnc.name.len);
-			PUT_SRCSTR (awk, QSE_T(" ("));
+			PUT_SRCSTR (awk, QSE_T("("));
 			PRINT_EXPR_LIST (awk, px->args);
 			PUT_SRCSTR (awk, QSE_T(")"));
 			break;
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ static int print_expr (qse_awk_t* awk, qse_awk_nde_t* nde)
 			qse_awk_nde_call_t* px = (qse_awk_nde_call_t*)nde;
 			PUT_SRCSTRX (awk, 
 				px->what.fun.name.ptr, px->what.fun.name.len);
-			PUT_SRCSTR (awk, QSE_T(" ("));
+			PUT_SRCSTR (awk, QSE_T("("));
 			PRINT_EXPR_LIST (awk, px->args);
 			PUT_SRCSTR (awk, QSE_T(")"));
 			break;

qse/lib/cmn/rex.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * $Id: rex.c 287 2009-09-15 10:01:02Z hyunghwan.chung $
+ * $Id: rex.c 299 2009-10-19 13:33:40Z hyunghwan.chung $
  * 
     Copyright 2006-2009 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
     This file is part of QSE.
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "mem.h"
 
 #ifdef DEBUG_REX
-#include <qse/bas/sio.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/sio.h>
 #define DPUTS(x) qse_sio_puts(&qse_sio_err,x)
 #endif
 
@@ -475,7 +475,6 @@ int qse_matchrex (
 	matcher_t matcher;
 	match_t mat;
 	qse_size_t offset = 0;
-	/*const qse_char_t* match_ptr_zero = QSE_NULL;*/
 
 	matcher.mmgr = mmgr;
 
@@ -494,7 +493,6 @@ int qse_matchrex (
 	/* TODO: should it allow an offset here??? */
 	mat.match_ptr = substr + offset;
 
-	/*while (mat.match_ptr < matcher.match.str.end)*/
 	while (mat.match_ptr <= matcher.match.str.end)
 	{
 		if (match_pattern (&matcher, code, &mat) == QSE_NULL) 
@@ -505,41 +503,18 @@ int qse_matchrex (
 
 		if (mat.matched)
 		{
-			/*
-			if (mat.match_len == 0)
-			{
-				if (match_ptr_zero == QSE_NULL)
-					match_ptr_zero = mat.match_ptr;
-				mat.match_ptr++;
-				continue;
-			}
-			*/
-
 			if (match != QSE_NULL) 
 			{
 				match->ptr = mat.match_ptr;
 				match->len = mat.match_len;
 			}
 
-			/*match_ptr_zero = QSE_NULL;*/
 			break;
 		}
 
 		mat.match_ptr++;
 	}
 
-	/*
-	if (match_ptr_zero != QSE_NULL) 
-	{
-		if (match != QSE_NULL) 
-		{
-			match->ptr = match_ptr_zero;
-			match->len = 0;
-		}
-		return 1;
-	}
-	*/
-
 	return (mat.matched)? 1: 0;
 }
 
@@ -1364,19 +1339,11 @@ static const qse_byte_t* match_branch_body0 (
 	matcher_t* matcher, const qse_byte_t* base, match_t* mat)
 {
 	const qse_byte_t* p;
-/*	match_t mat2;*/
 	qse_size_t match_len = 0;
 
 	mat->matched = QSE_FALSE;
 	mat->match_len = 0;
 
-/* TODO: is mat2 necessary here ? */
-/*
-	mat2.match_ptr = mat->match_ptr;
-	mat2.branch = mat->branch;
-	mat2.branch_end = mat->branch_end;
-*/
-
 	p = base;
 
 	while (p < mat->branch_end)
@@ -1388,21 +1355,6 @@ static const qse_byte_t* match_branch_body0 (
 
 		mat->match_ptr = &mat->match_ptr[mat->match_len];
 		match_len += mat->match_len;
-#if 0
-		p = match_atom (matcher, p, &mat2);
-		if (p == QSE_NULL) return QSE_NULL;
-
-		if (!mat2.matched) 
-		{
-			mat->matched = QSE_FALSE;
-			break; /* stop matching */
-		}
-
-		mat->matched = QSE_TRUE;
-		mat->match_len += mat2.match_len;
-
-		mat2.match_ptr = &mat2.match_ptr[mat2.match_len];
-#endif
 	}
 
 	if (mat->matched) mat->match_len = match_len;
@@ -1494,7 +1446,6 @@ static const qse_byte_t* match_any_char (
 		 * uses the maximum value to mean infinite.
 		 * consider the upper bound of '+' and '*'. */
 		lbound = (BOUND_MAX-lb >= lbound)? (lbound + lb): BOUND_MAX;
-		lbound = (BOUND_MAX-lb >= lbound)? (lbound + lb): BOUND_MAX;
 		ubound = (BOUND_MAX-ub >= ubound)? (ubound + ub): BOUND_MAX;
 
 		p += QSE_SIZEOF(*cp);
@@ -1782,8 +1733,20 @@ static const qse_byte_t* match_group (
 			grp_len_capa += 256;
 		}
 
+
 		grp_len[si+1] = grp_len[si] + mat2.match_len;
 
+		if (mat2.match_len == 0) 
+		{
+/* TODO: verify this.... */
+			/* Advance to the next in case the match lengh is zero 
+			 * for (1*)*, 1* can match zero-length. 
+			 * A zero-length inner match results in zero-length no
+			 * matter how many times the outer group is requested
+			 * to match */
+			break;
+		}
+
 		mat2.match_ptr += mat2.match_len;
 		mat2.match_len = 0;
 		mat2.matched = QSE_FALSE;

qse/regress/awk/lang-039.awk

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+BEGIN { 
+	print length 11  # this should print 011 as length is length($0);
+	print length (11) # this should print 2 
+} 

qse/regress/awk/lang-040.awk

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+BEGIN {
+	/* the following for statement is valid if y is nil */
+	for (x in y) print x;
+}
+

qse/regress/awk/lang-041.awk

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+BEGIN {
+	abc = 20;
+	print abc (10); # this is not a function call
+}

qse/regress/awk/regress.out

@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ function f (__p0)
 }
 
 BEGIN {
-	f ("hello");
+	f("hello");
 }
 
 hello
@@ -431,11 +431,11 @@ hello
 function f (__p0)
 {
 	print __p0;
-	f ("my hello");
+	f("my hello");
 }
 
 BEGIN {
-	f (10);
+	f(10);
 }
 
 10
@@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ function fn (__p0)
 
 BEGIN {
 	f = 50;
-	fn (100);
+	fn(100);
 	print f;
 }
 
@@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ BEGIN {
 		}
 		print __l0;
 	}
-	a (100);
+	a(100);
 }
 
 30
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ function fn ()
 
 BEGIN {
 	__g17 = 30;
-	print fn ();
+	print fn();
 	print __g17;
 }
 
@@ -1040,7 +1040,7 @@ BEGIN {
 }
 
 END {
-	a (1000);
+	a(1000);
 }
 1000
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1054,7 +1054,7 @@ BEGIN {
 	}
 	print "----------------------";
 	print "ARGC=",ARGC;
-	split ("111 22 333 555 666 777",ARGV);
+	split("111 22 333 555 666 777",ARGV);
 	for (i in ARGV)
 	{
 		print (("ARGV["   i)   "]"),ARGV[i];
@@ -1073,7 +1073,7 @@ BEGIN {
 		printf ("ARGC [%++#10.10f] is positive\n",10124.1123);
 	printf ("[%d], [%f], [%s]\n",10124.1123,10124.1123,10124.1123);
 	printf ("[%-10c] [% 0*.*d]\n",65,45,48,(-(1)));
-	print sprintf ("abc%d %*.*d %c %s %c",10,20,30,40,"good","good",75.34);
+	print sprintf("abc%d %*.*d %c %s %c",10,20,30,40,"good","good",75.34);
 }
 
 ARGC= 6
@@ -1108,7 +1108,7 @@ BEGIN {
 	a[4,5,6] = 30;
 	for (i in a)
 	{
-		n = split (i,k,SUBSEP);
+		n = split(i,k,SUBSEP);
 		for (j = 1; (j <= n); (j)++)
 		{
 			print k[j];
@@ -1372,8 +1372,8 @@ ERROR: CODE 15 LINE 3 COLUMN 50 - block nested too deeply
  ../../cmd/awk/.libs/qseawk --newline=on -o- -f lang-016.awk  </dev/stdin 2>&1 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 BEGIN {
-	printf "[[[[[%s]]]]\n",sprintf ("abc %s abc",sprintf ("def %s %s",sprintf ("%s %s %s","xyz",1.2342,"xyz"),sprintf ("ttt %s tttt",123.12)));
+	printf "[[[[[%s]]]]\n",sprintf("abc %s abc",sprintf("def %s %s",sprintf("%s %s %s","xyz",1.2342,"xyz"),sprintf("ttt %s tttt",123.12)));
-	printf "[[[[%s]]]]\n",sprintf ("ttt %s tttt",123.12);
+	printf "[[[[%s]]]]\n",sprintf("ttt %s tttt",123.12);
 }
 
 [[[[[abc def xyz 1.2342 xyz ttt 123.12 tttt abc]]]]
@@ -1389,7 +1389,7 @@ function gety ()
 function getx ()
 {
 	if ((x == 2))
-		error ();
+		error();
 	return (x)++;
 }
 
@@ -1397,10 +1397,10 @@ function main ()
 {
 	x = 0;
 	y = 0;
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
 	return 999;
 }
 
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ function error ()
 }
 
 BEGIN {
-	main ();
+	main();
 }
 
 END {
@@ -1440,7 +1440,7 @@ function gety ()
 function getx ()
 {
 	if ((x == 2))
-		error ();
+		error();
 	return (x)++;
 }
 
@@ -1448,10 +1448,10 @@ function main ()
 {
 	x = 0;
 	y = 0;
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
-	print (getx () + gety ());
+	print (getx() + gety());
 	return 999;
 }
 
@@ -1461,7 +1461,7 @@ function error ()
 }
 
 BEGIN {
-	main ();
+	main();
 }
 
 END {
@@ -1601,18 +1601,18 @@ BEGIN {
  ../../cmd/awk/.libs/qseawk --newline=on -o- -f lang-031.awk  </dev/stdin 2>&1 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 BEGIN {
-	print match ("hhhheeeo",/e+/);
+	print match("hhhheeeo",/e+/);
 	print RSTART,RLENGTH;
-	print match ("heeeo",/e/);
+	print match("heeeo",/e/);
 	print RSTART,RLENGTH;
-	print match ("heeeo",/t/);
+	print match("heeeo",/t/);
 	print RSTART,RLENGTH;
 	print "--------------------------";
-	print match ("hhhheeeo","e+");
+	print match("hhhheeeo","e+");
 	print RSTART,RLENGTH;
-	print match ("heeeo","e");
+	print match("heeeo","e");
 	print RSTART,RLENGTH;
-	print match ("heeeo","t");
+	print match("heeeo","t");
 	print RSTART,RLENGTH;
 	print "--------------------------";
 }
@@ -1674,7 +1674,7 @@ BEGIN {
 	print "13" || "sort";
 	print "12" || "sort";
 	print "11" || "sort";
-	close ("sort","r");
+	close("sort","r");
 	print "-----";
 	while ((("sort" || getline x) > 0))
 		print "xx:",x;
@@ -1699,7 +1699,7 @@ BEGIN {
 			first = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
-		n = split (x,f,",");
+		n = split(x,f,",");
 		if ((n < 3))
 			continue;
 		if ((f[3] == ""))
@@ -1723,13 +1723,13 @@ BEGIN {
 {
 	if ((($1 == "option") && ($2 == "agent.circuit-id")))
 	{
-		pos = index ($0,"agent.circuit-id ");
+		pos = index($0,"agent.circuit-id ");
-		len = length ($0);
+		len = length($0);
-		last = substr ($0,len,1);
+		last = substr($0,len,1);
 		adj = 0;
 		if ((last != ";"))
 			(adj)++;
-		cid = substr ($0,(pos + 17),(length ($0) - ((pos + 17) + adj)));
+		cid = substr($0,(pos + 17),(length($0) - ((pos + 17) + adj)));
 		for (suffix = 0; (suffix < max_cid_vars); (suffix)++)
 		{
 			val = tab[cid,suffix];
@@ -1996,18 +1996,18 @@ dif cccc
 BEGIN {
 	xstr = "abcdefabcdefabcdef";
 	xsub = "abc";
-	xlen = length (xsub);
+	xlen = length(xsub);
 	i = 1;
-	while ((i = index (xstr,xsub,i) > 0))
+	while ((i = index(xstr,xsub,i) > 0))
 	{
-		print i,substr (xstr,i,xlen);
+		print i,substr(xstr,i,xlen);
 		i += xlen;
 	}
 	print "----------------";
 	i = 1;
-	while ((match (xstr,xsub,i) > 0))
+	while ((match(xstr,xsub,i) > 0))
 	{
-		print RSTART,substr (xstr,RSTART,RLENGTH);
+		print RSTART,substr(xstr,RSTART,RLENGTH);
 		i = (RSTART + RLENGTH);
 	}
 }
@@ -2019,6 +2019,33 @@ BEGIN {
 1 abc
 7 abc
 13 abc
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ ../../cmd/awk/.libs/qseawk --newline=on -o- -f lang-039.awk  </dev/stdin 2>&1 
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN {
+	print (length()   11);
+	print length(11);
+}
+
+011
+2
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ ../../cmd/awk/.libs/qseawk --newline=on -o- -f lang-040.awk  </dev/stdin 2>&1 
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN {
+	for (x in y)
+		print x;
+}
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ ../../cmd/awk/.libs/qseawk --newline=on -o- -f lang-041.awk  </dev/stdin 2>&1 
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+BEGIN {
+	abc = 20;
+	print (abc   10);
+}
+
+2010
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  ../../cmd/awk/.libs/qseawk  -f quicksort.awk quicksort.dat </dev/stdin 2>&1 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

qse/regress/awk/regress.sh

@@ -149,6 +149,9 @@ PROGS="
 	lang-036.awk/lang-036.dat//--newline=on -o-
 	lang-037.awk/lang-037.dat//--newline=on -o-
 	lang-038.awk///--newline=on -o-
+	lang-039.awk///--newline=on -o-
+	lang-040.awk///--newline=on -o-
+	lang-041.awk///--newline=on -o-
 
 	quicksort.awk/quicksort.dat//
 	quicksort2.awk/quicksort2.dat//