diff --git a/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.am b/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.am
index 3bd8ddfb..13cbef48 100644
--- a/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.am
+++ b/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.am
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS = \
 	-I$(top_builddir)/include \
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/include \
 	-I$(includedir) \
-	-DDEFAULT_MODDIR=\"$(libdir)/qse\"
+	-DDEFAULT_MODDIR=\"$(libdir)/qse\" $(LTDLINCL)
 
 #####################################################################3
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ bin_PROGRAMS = qseawk
 
 qseawk_SOURCES = awk.c
 qseawk_LDFLAGS = -L../../lib/awk -L../../lib/cmn -L$(libdir)
-qseawk_LDADD = -lqseawk -lqsecmn $(LIBM)
+qseawk_LDADD = -lqseawk -lqsecmn $(LIBM) $(LIBLTDL)
 
 if WIN32
 if WCHAR
diff --git a/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.in b/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.in
index fc195425..66af63e8 100644
--- a/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.in
+++ b/qse/cmd/awk/Makefile.in
@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ am_qseawk_OBJECTS = awk.$(OBJEXT)
 qseawk_OBJECTS = $(am_qseawk_OBJECTS)
 am__DEPENDENCIES_1 =
 @WCHAR_TRUE@@WIN32_TRUE@am__DEPENDENCIES_2 = $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1)
-qseawk_DEPENDENCIES = $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1) $(am__DEPENDENCIES_2)
+qseawk_DEPENDENCIES = $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1) $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1) \
+	$(am__DEPENDENCIES_2)
 qseawk_LINK = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) \
 	--mode=link $(CCLD) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $(qseawk_LDFLAGS) \
 	$(LDFLAGS) -o $@
@@ -255,11 +256,11 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS = \
 	-I$(top_builddir)/include \
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/include \
 	-I$(includedir) \
-	-DDEFAULT_MODDIR=\"$(libdir)/qse\"
+	-DDEFAULT_MODDIR=\"$(libdir)/qse\" $(LTDLINCL)
 
 qseawk_SOURCES = awk.c
 qseawk_LDFLAGS = -L../../lib/awk -L../../lib/cmn -L$(libdir)
-qseawk_LDADD = -lqseawk -lqsecmn $(LIBM) $(am__append_1)
+qseawk_LDADD = -lqseawk -lqsecmn $(LIBM) $(LIBLTDL) $(am__append_1)
 all: all-am
 
 .SUFFIXES:
diff --git a/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.am b/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.am
index 27d71df2..ab3b9aaf 100644
--- a/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.am
+++ b/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.am
@@ -15,13 +15,6 @@ if ENABLE_CXX
 lib_LTLIBRARIES += libqseawkxx.la
 libqseawkxx_la_SOURCES = Awk.cpp StdAwk.cpp
 libqseawkxx_la_LDFLAGS = -L. -L../cmn -L$(libdir) -version-info 1:0:0 -no-undefined
-libqseawkxx_la_LIBADD = -lqseawk  -lqsecmn $(LIBM)
+libqseawkxx_la_LIBADD = -lqseawk  -lqsecmn $(LIBM) $(LIBLTDL)
 endif
 
-if HAVE_C_MPI
-lib_LTLIBRARIES += libqseawkmp.la
-libqseawkmp_la_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(MPI_CFLAGS)
-libqseawkmp_la_SOURCES = mpi.c
-libqseawkmp_la_LDFLAGS = -L. -L../cmn -L$(libdir) -version-info 1:0:0 -no-undefined $(MPI_CLDFLAGS)
-libqseawkmp_la_LIBADD = -lqseawk -lqsecmn $(LIBM)
-endif
diff --git a/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.in b/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.in
index 35ce66a8..338cec33 100644
--- a/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.in
+++ b/qse/lib/awk/Makefile.in
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ POST_UNINSTALL = :
 build_triplet = @build@
 host_triplet = @host@
 @ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@am__append_1 = libqseawkxx.la
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@am__append_2 = libqseawkmp.la
 subdir = lib/awk
 DIST_COMMON = $(srcdir)/Makefile.am $(srcdir)/Makefile.in
 ACLOCAL_M4 = $(top_srcdir)/aclocal.m4
@@ -89,15 +88,8 @@ libqseawk_la_OBJECTS = $(am_libqseawk_la_OBJECTS)
 libqseawk_la_LINK = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) \
 	$(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=link $(CCLD) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) \
 	$(libqseawk_la_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@libqseawkmp_la_DEPENDENCIES = $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1)
-am__libqseawkmp_la_SOURCES_DIST = mpi.c
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@am_libqseawkmp_la_OBJECTS = libqseawkmp_la-mpi.lo
-libqseawkmp_la_OBJECTS = $(am_libqseawkmp_la_OBJECTS)
-libqseawkmp_la_LINK = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) \
-	$(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=link $(CCLD) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) \
-	$(libqseawkmp_la_LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@am_libqseawkmp_la_rpath = -rpath $(libdir)
-@ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@libqseawkxx_la_DEPENDENCIES = $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1)
+@ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@libqseawkxx_la_DEPENDENCIES = $(am__DEPENDENCIES_1) \
+@ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@	$(am__DEPENDENCIES_1)
 am__libqseawkxx_la_SOURCES_DIST = Awk.cpp StdAwk.cpp
 @ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@am_libqseawkxx_la_OBJECTS = Awk.lo StdAwk.lo
 libqseawkxx_la_OBJECTS = $(am_libqseawkxx_la_OBJECTS)
@@ -127,10 +119,8 @@ CXXLD = $(CXX)
 CXXLINK = $(LIBTOOL) --tag=CXX $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) \
 	--mode=link $(CXXLD) $(AM_CXXFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $(AM_LDFLAGS) \
 	$(LDFLAGS) -o $@
-SOURCES = $(libqseawk_la_SOURCES) $(libqseawkmp_la_SOURCES) \
-	$(libqseawkxx_la_SOURCES)
+SOURCES = $(libqseawk_la_SOURCES) $(libqseawkxx_la_SOURCES)
 DIST_SOURCES = $(libqseawk_la_SOURCES) \
-	$(am__libqseawkmp_la_SOURCES_DIST) \
 	$(am__libqseawkxx_la_SOURCES_DIST)
 ETAGS = etags
 CTAGS = ctags
@@ -313,17 +303,13 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS = \
 	-I$(includedir) \
 	-DDEFAULT_MODDIR=\"$(libdir)/qse\" $(LTDLINCL)
 
-lib_LTLIBRARIES = libqseawk.la $(am__append_1) $(am__append_2)
+lib_LTLIBRARIES = libqseawk.la $(am__append_1)
 libqseawk_la_SOURCES = awk.c err.c tree.c parse.c run.c rec.c val.c fnc.c misc.c rio.c std.c awk.h err.h rio.h val.h fnc.h misc.h parse.h run.h tree.h 
 libqseawk_la_LDFLAGS = -L../cmn -L$(libdir) -version-info 1:0:0 -no-undefined
 libqseawk_la_LIBADD = -lqsecmn $(LIBM) $(LIBLTDL)
 @ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@libqseawkxx_la_SOURCES = Awk.cpp StdAwk.cpp
 @ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@libqseawkxx_la_LDFLAGS = -L. -L../cmn -L$(libdir) -version-info 1:0:0 -no-undefined
-@ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@libqseawkxx_la_LIBADD = -lqseawk  -lqsecmn $(LIBM)
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@libqseawkmp_la_CPPFLAGS = $(AM_CPPFLAGS) $(MPI_CFLAGS)
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@libqseawkmp_la_SOURCES = mpi.c
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@libqseawkmp_la_LDFLAGS = -L. -L../cmn -L$(libdir) -version-info 1:0:0 -no-undefined $(MPI_CLDFLAGS)
-@HAVE_C_MPI_TRUE@libqseawkmp_la_LIBADD = -lqseawk -lqsecmn $(LIBM)
+@ENABLE_CXX_TRUE@libqseawkxx_la_LIBADD = -lqseawk  -lqsecmn $(LIBM) $(LIBLTDL)
 all: all-am
 
 .SUFFIXES:
@@ -391,8 +377,6 @@ clean-libLTLIBRARIES:
 	done
 libqseawk.la: $(libqseawk_la_OBJECTS) $(libqseawk_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_libqseawk_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
 	$(libqseawk_la_LINK) -rpath $(libdir) $(libqseawk_la_OBJECTS) $(libqseawk_la_LIBADD) $(LIBS)
-libqseawkmp.la: $(libqseawkmp_la_OBJECTS) $(libqseawkmp_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_libqseawkmp_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
-	$(libqseawkmp_la_LINK) $(am_libqseawkmp_la_rpath) $(libqseawkmp_la_OBJECTS) $(libqseawkmp_la_LIBADD) $(LIBS)
 libqseawkxx.la: $(libqseawkxx_la_OBJECTS) $(libqseawkxx_la_DEPENDENCIES) $(EXTRA_libqseawkxx_la_DEPENDENCIES) 
 	$(libqseawkxx_la_LINK) $(am_libqseawkxx_la_rpath) $(libqseawkxx_la_OBJECTS) $(libqseawkxx_la_LIBADD) $(LIBS)
 
@@ -407,7 +391,6 @@ distclean-compile:
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/awk.Plo@am__quote@
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/err.Plo@am__quote@
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/fnc.Plo@am__quote@
-@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/libqseawkmp_la-mpi.Plo@am__quote@
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/misc.Plo@am__quote@
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/parse.Plo@am__quote@
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__include@ @am__quote@./$(DEPDIR)/rec.Plo@am__quote@
@@ -438,13 +421,6 @@ distclean-compile:
 @AMDEP_TRUE@@am__fastdepCC_FALSE@	DEPDIR=$(DEPDIR) $(CCDEPMODE) $(depcomp) @AMDEPBACKSLASH@
 @am__fastdepCC_FALSE@	$(LTCOMPILE) -c -o $@ $<
 
-libqseawkmp_la-mpi.lo: mpi.c
-@am__fastdepCC_TRUE@	$(LIBTOOL)  --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=compile $(CC) $(DEFS) $(DEFAULT_INCLUDES) $(INCLUDES) $(libqseawkmp_la_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) -MT libqseawkmp_la-mpi.lo -MD -MP -MF $(DEPDIR)/libqseawkmp_la-mpi.Tpo -c -o libqseawkmp_la-mpi.lo `test -f 'mpi.c' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`mpi.c
-@am__fastdepCC_TRUE@	$(am__mv) $(DEPDIR)/libqseawkmp_la-mpi.Tpo $(DEPDIR)/libqseawkmp_la-mpi.Plo
-@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__fastdepCC_FALSE@	source='mpi.c' object='libqseawkmp_la-mpi.lo' libtool=yes @AMDEPBACKSLASH@
-@AMDEP_TRUE@@am__fastdepCC_FALSE@	DEPDIR=$(DEPDIR) $(CCDEPMODE) $(depcomp) @AMDEPBACKSLASH@
-@am__fastdepCC_FALSE@	$(LIBTOOL)  --tag=CC $(AM_LIBTOOLFLAGS) $(LIBTOOLFLAGS) --mode=compile $(CC) $(DEFS) $(DEFAULT_INCLUDES) $(INCLUDES) $(libqseawkmp_la_CPPFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(AM_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) -c -o libqseawkmp_la-mpi.lo `test -f 'mpi.c' || echo '$(srcdir)/'`mpi.c
-
 .cpp.o:
 @am__fastdepCXX_TRUE@	$(CXXCOMPILE) -MT $@ -MD -MP -MF $(DEPDIR)/$*.Tpo -c -o $@ $<
 @am__fastdepCXX_TRUE@	$(am__mv) $(DEPDIR)/$*.Tpo $(DEPDIR)/$*.Po
diff --git a/qse/lib/awk/mpi.c b/qse/lib/awk/mpi.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 3009dd4a..00000000
--- a/qse/lib/awk/mpi.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,337 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * $Id$
- *
-    Copyright 2006-2012 Chung, Hyung-Hwan.
-    This file is part of QSE.
-
-    QSE is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as 
-    published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of 
-    the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
-    QSE is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public 
-    License along with QSE. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
- */
-
-#include <qse/awk/mpi.h>
-#include <qse/cmn/mbwc.h>
-#include "../cmn/mem.h"
-
-#include <mpi.h>
-
-typedef struct xtn_t xtn_t;
-
-struct xtn_t
-{
-	int gbl_mpi[9];
-};
-
-typedef struct rxtn_t rxtn_t;
-struct rxtn_t
-{
-	MPI_Comm comm;
-	int size;
-	int rank;
-};
-
-qse_awk_t* qse_awk_openmpi (qse_size_t xtnsize)
-{
-	return qse_awk_openmpiwithmmgr (QSE_MMGR_GETDFL(), xtnsize);
-}
-
-static int add_functions (qse_awk_t* awk);
-
-qse_awk_t* qse_awk_openmpiwithmmgr (qse_mmgr_t* mmgr, qse_size_t xtnsize)
-{
-	qse_awk_t* awk;
-
-	awk = qse_awk_openstdwithmmgr (
-		QSE_MMGR_GETDFL(), QSE_SIZEOF(xtn_t) + xtnsize);
-
-	if (awk)
-	{
-		xtn_t* xtn;
-		qse_size_t i;
-
-		xtn = (xtn_t*) qse_awk_getxtnstd (awk);
-		QSE_MEMSET (xtn, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(*xtn));
-
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[0] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_HOST"), 8);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[1] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_SIZE"), 8);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[2] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_RANK"), 8);
-
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[3] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_REDUCE_MIN"),  14);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[4] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_REDUCE_MAX"),  14);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[5] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_REDUCE_SUM"),  14);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[6] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_REDUCE_PROD"), 15);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[7] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_REDUCE_LAND"), 15);
-		xtn->gbl_mpi[8] = qse_awk_addgbl (awk, QSE_T("MPI_REDUCE_LOR"),  14);
-
-		for (i = 0; i < QSE_COUNTOF(xtn->gbl_mpi); i++) 
-		{
-			if (xtn->gbl_mpi[i] <= -1) 
-			{
-				qse_awk_close (awk);
-				return QSE_NULL;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (add_functions (awk) <= -1)
-		{	
-			qse_awk_close (awk);
-			return QSE_NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return awk;
-}
-
-void* qse_awk_getxtnmpi (qse_awk_t* awk)
-{
-     return (void*)((xtn_t*)qse_awk_getxtnstd(awk) + 1);
-}
-
-int qse_awk_parsempi (
-	qse_awk_t* awk, qse_awk_parsempi_t* in, qse_awk_parsempi_t* out)
-{
-	return qse_awk_parsestd (awk, in, out);
-}
-
-qse_awk_rtx_t* qse_awk_rtx_openmpi (
-	qse_awk_t*             awk,
-	qse_size_t             xtnsize,
-	const qse_char_t*      id,
-	const qse_char_t*const icf[],
-	const qse_char_t*const ocf[],
-	qse_cmgr_t*            cmgr)
-{
-	qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx;
-
-	rtx = qse_awk_rtx_openstd (
-		awk, QSE_SIZEOF(rxtn_t) + xtnsize, id, icf, ocf, cmgr);
-	if (rtx)
-	{
-		xtn_t* xtn;
-		rxtn_t* rxtn;
-		qse_size_t i;
-	
-		xtn = (xtn_t*) qse_awk_getxtnstd (awk);
-		rxtn = (rxtn_t*) qse_awk_rtx_getxtnstd (rtx);
-
-		QSE_MEMSET (rxtn, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(*rxtn));
-		rxtn->comm = MPI_COMM_WORLD;
-
-		/* set the value of some MPI constants */
-		for (i = 0; i < QSE_COUNTOF(xtn->gbl_mpi); i++)
-		{
-			int iv;
-			qse_awk_val_t* v_tmp;
-
-			switch (i)
-			{
-				case 0: /* MPI_HOST */
-				{
-					char buf[MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME];
-					qse_mcstr_t mcstr;
-
-					if (MPI_Get_processor_name(buf, &mcstr.len) != MPI_SUCCESS)
-					{
-						qse_awk_rtx_close (rtx);
-						qse_awk_seterrnum (awk, QSE_AWK_ESYSERR, QSE_NULL);	
-						return QSE_NULL;
-					}
-
-					mcstr.ptr = buf;
-					v_tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makestrvalwithmcstr (rtx, &mcstr);
-					break;
-				}
-
-				case 1: /* MPI_SIZE */
-					if (MPI_Comm_size (rxtn->comm, &rxtn->size) != MPI_SUCCESS)
-					{
-						qse_awk_rtx_close (rtx);
-						qse_awk_seterrnum (awk, QSE_AWK_ESYSERR, QSE_NULL);	
-						return QSE_NULL;
-					}
-					v_tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, rxtn->size);
-					break;
-
-				case 2: /* MPI_RANK */
-					if (MPI_Comm_rank (rxtn->comm, &rxtn->rank) != MPI_SUCCESS)
-					{
-						qse_awk_rtx_close (rtx);
-						qse_awk_seterrnum (awk, QSE_AWK_ESYSERR, QSE_NULL);	
-						return QSE_NULL;
-					}
-					v_tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, rxtn->rank);
-					break;
-
-				default: /* MPI_REDUCE_XXXX */
-					v_tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, i - 3);
-					break;
-			}
-
-			if (v_tmp == QSE_NULL)
-			{
-				qse_awk_rtx_close (rtx);
-				return QSE_NULL;
-			}
-	
-			qse_awk_rtx_refupval (rtx, v_tmp);
-			qse_awk_rtx_setgbl (rtx, xtn->gbl_mpi[i], v_tmp);
-			qse_awk_rtx_refdownval (rtx, v_tmp);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return rtx;
-}
-
-void* qse_awk_rtx_getxtnmpi (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx)
-{
-	return (void*)((rxtn_t*)qse_awk_rtx_getxtnstd(rtx) + 1);
-}
-
-qse_cmgr_t* qse_awk_rtx_getcmgrmpi (
-	qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, const qse_char_t* ioname)
-{
-	return qse_awk_rtx_getcmgrstd (rtx, ioname);
-}
-
-static int fnc_hash (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, const qse_awk_fnc_info_t* fi)
-{
-	qse_size_t nargs;
-	qse_awk_val_t* tmp, * a0;
-	qse_long_t hv;
-
-	nargs = qse_awk_rtx_getnargs (rtx);
-	QSE_ASSERT (nargs == 1);
-
-	a0 = qse_awk_rtx_getarg (rtx, 0);
-
-	hv = qse_awk_rtx_hashval (rtx, a0);
-
-	tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, hv);
-
-	if (tmp == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	qse_awk_rtx_setretval (rtx, tmp);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int fnc_assign (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, const qse_awk_fnc_info_t* fi)
-{
-	qse_size_t nargs;
-	qse_awk_val_t* tmp, * a0;
-	qse_long_t lv;
-	rxtn_t* rxtn;
-	qse_awk_nrflt_t nrflt;
-
-	rxtn = (rxtn_t*) qse_awk_rtx_getxtnstd (rtx);
-
-	nargs = qse_awk_rtx_getnargs (rtx);
-	QSE_ASSERT (nargs == 1);
-
-	a0 = qse_awk_rtx_getarg (rtx, 0);
-
-	if (qse_awk_rtx_valtolong (rtx, a0, &lv) <= -1) return -1;
-
-	tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, lv);
-
-	nrflt.limit = lv;
-	nrflt.size = rxtn->size;
-	nrflt.rank = rxtn->rank;
-	qse_awk_rtx_setnrflt (rtx, &nrflt);
-
-	if (tmp == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	qse_awk_rtx_setretval (rtx, tmp);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int fnc_reduce (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, const qse_awk_fnc_info_t* fi)
-{
-	qse_size_t nargs;
-	qse_awk_val_t* tmp, * a0, * a1;
-	qse_long_t opidx, lv;
-	qse_flt_t rv;
-	int n;
-	rxtn_t* rxtn;
-
-	static MPI_Op optab[] =
-	{
-		MPI_MIN,
-		MPI_MAX,
-		MPI_SUM,
-		MPI_PROD,
-		MPI_LAND,
-		MPI_LOR
-	};
-
-	rxtn = (rxtn_t*) qse_awk_rtx_getxtnstd (rtx);
-
-	nargs = qse_awk_rtx_getnargs (rtx);
-	QSE_ASSERT (nargs == 2);
-
-	a0 = qse_awk_rtx_getarg (rtx, 0);
-	a1 = qse_awk_rtx_getarg (rtx, 1);
-
-	if (qse_awk_rtx_valtolong (rtx, a1, &opidx) <= -1) return -1;
-	if (opidx < 0 || opidx >= QSE_COUNTOF(optab)) goto softfail;
-	if ((n = qse_awk_rtx_valtonum (rtx, a0, &lv, &rv)) <= -1) return -1;
-
-/* TODO: determine it to be MPI_LONG or MPI_INT, OR MPI_LONG_LONG_INT depending on the size of qse_long_t */
-/* TODO: how to tell normal -1 from the soft failure??? */
-	if (n == 0) 
-	{
-		qse_long_t lout;
-		if (MPI_Allreduce (&lv, &lout, 1, MPI_LONG_LONG_INT, optab[opidx], rxtn->comm) != MPI_SUCCESS) goto softfail;
-		tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, lout);
-	}
-	else
-	{
-		qse_flt_t fout;
-		if (MPI_Allreduce (&rv, &fout, 1, MPI_LONG_DOUBLE, optab[opidx], rxtn->comm) != MPI_SUCCESS) goto softfail;
-		tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makefltval (rtx, fout);
-	}
-	
-	if (tmp == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	qse_awk_rtx_setretval (rtx, tmp);
-
-	return 0;
-
-softfail:
-	tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, (qse_long_t)-1);
-	if (tmp == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	qse_awk_rtx_setretval (rtx, tmp);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int fnc_barrier (qse_awk_rtx_t* rtx, const qse_awk_fnc_info_t* fi)
-{
-	int x;
-	qse_awk_val_t* tmp;
-	rxtn_t* rxtn;
-
-	rxtn = (rxtn_t*) qse_awk_rtx_getxtnstd (rtx);
-
-	x = (MPI_Barrier (rxtn->comm) == MPI_SUCCESS)? 0: -1;
-
-	tmp = qse_awk_rtx_makeintval (rtx, x);
-	if (tmp == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	qse_awk_rtx_setretval (rtx, tmp);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int add_functions (qse_awk_t* awk)
-{
-	if (qse_awk_addfnc (awk, QSE_T("mpi_hash"), 8, 0, 1, 1, QSE_NULL, fnc_hash) == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	if (qse_awk_addfnc (awk, QSE_T("mpi_assign"), 10, 0, 1, 1, QSE_NULL, fnc_assign) == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	if (qse_awk_addfnc (awk, QSE_T("mpi_reduce"), 10, 0, 2, 2, QSE_NULL, fnc_reduce) == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-	if (qse_awk_addfnc (awk, QSE_T("mpi_barrier"), 11, 0, 0, 0, QSE_NULL, fnc_barrier) == QSE_NULL) return -1;
-     return 0;
-}
diff --git a/qse/lib/net/httpd-cgi.c b/qse/lib/net/httpd-cgi.c
index dda168fb..4b90fb52 100644
--- a/qse/lib/net/httpd-cgi.c
+++ b/qse/lib/net/httpd-cgi.c
@@ -443,7 +443,12 @@ static int cgi_add_env (
 	qse_env_insertmbs (env, QSE_MT("DOCUMENT_ROOT"), docroot);
 	if (suffix && suffix[0] != QSE_MT('\0')) 
 	{
-		const qse_mchar_t* tmp[3] = { docroot, suffix, QSE_NULL};
+		const qse_mchar_t* tmp[3];
+
+		tmp[0] = docroot; 
+		tmp[1] = suffix; 
+		tmp[2] = QSE_NULL;
+
 		qse_env_insertmbs (env, QSE_MT("PATH_INFO"), suffix);
 		qse_env_insertmbsa (env, QSE_MT("PATH_TRANSLATED"), tmp);
 	}
diff --git a/qse/lib/net/httpd-std.c b/qse/lib/net/httpd-std.c
index 20f16525..120a6f97 100644
--- a/qse/lib/net/httpd-std.c
+++ b/qse/lib/net/httpd-std.c
@@ -591,11 +591,13 @@ IP_TRANSPRENT is needed for:
 
 		len = qse_nwifindextombs (server->nwif, tmp, QSE_COUNTOF(tmp));
 
+#if defined(SO_BINDTODEVICE)
 		if (len <= 0 || setsockopt (fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, tmp, len) <= -1)
 		{
 			/* TODO: logging ... */
 			goto oops;
 		}
+#endif
 	}
 
 	/* Solaris 8 returns EINVAL if QSE_SIZEOF(addr) is passed in as the
diff --git a/qse/lib/net/httpd.h b/qse/lib/net/httpd.h
index ff1d41de..b2089158 100644
--- a/qse/lib/net/httpd.h
+++ b/qse/lib/net/httpd.h
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ qse_httpd_task_t* qse_httpd_entask_text (
 	qse_httpd_client_t* client,
      qse_httpd_task_t* pred,
 	const qse_mchar_t* ptr,
-	qse_size_t len;
+	qse_size_t len
 );
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus