Reorganized the directory structure

lib/xli/Makefile.am

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
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+
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+	read.c read-ini.c read-json.c \
+	write.c write-ini.c write-json.c \
+	std.c json.c
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+
+
+if ENABLE_CXX
+libqsexli_la_SOURCES += SkvEnv.cpp
+endif
+

lib/xli/Makefile.in

@@ -0,0 +1,785 @@
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+	test -z "$$locs" || { \
+	  echo rm -f $${locs}; \
+	  rm -f $${locs}; \
+	}
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+	  if test -f "$$i"; then \
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+	fi
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+	-rm -f ./$(DEPDIR)/read-json.Plo
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+	-rm -f ./$(DEPDIR)/write-ini.Plo
+	-rm -f ./$(DEPDIR)/write-json.Plo
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+
+
+# Tell versions [3.59,3.63) of GNU make to not export all variables.
+# Otherwise a system limit (for SysV at least) may be exceeded.
+.NOEXPORT:

lib/xli/SkvEnv.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,326 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+
+
+#include <qse/xli/SkvEnv.hpp>
+#include <qse/xli/stdxli.h>
+
+#include <qse/cmn/str.h>
+#include "../cmn/mem-prv.h"
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+
+#define SCTN_KEY_SPLITTER QSE_T('*')
+
+QSE_BEGIN_NAMESPACE(QSE)
+
+static qse_char_t splitter[2] = { SCTN_KEY_SPLITTER, QSE_T('\0') };
+
+SkvEnv::SkvEnv (Mmgr* mmgr): Mmged(mmgr), xli(QSE_NULL)
+{
+}
+
+SkvEnv::~SkvEnv ()
+{
+	if (this->xli) qse_xli_close (this->xli);
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::addItem (const qse_char_t* name, const qse_char_t* dval, ProbeProc probe)
+{
+	qse_char_t*  sctn, * key;
+	qse_size_t sctn_len, key_len;
+	ItemList::Node* np;
+
+	if (this->split_name(name, &sctn, &sctn_len, &key, &key_len) == -1) return -1;
+
+	for (np = this->item_list.getHeadNode(); np; np = np->getNextNode()) 
+	{
+		Item& item = np->getValue();
+		if (qse_strxcmp(sctn, sctn_len, item.sctn) == 0 &&
+		    qse_strxcmp(key, key_len, item.key)  == 0) return -1;
+	}
+
+	try { np = this->item_list.append (Item()); }
+	catch (...) { return -1; }
+
+	Item& item = np->getValue();
+	qse_strxncpy (item.sctn, QSE_COUNTOF(item.sctn), sctn, sctn_len);
+	qse_strxncpy (item.key,  QSE_COUNTOF(item.key),  key,  key_len);
+	
+	qse_strxjoin (
+		item.name, QSE_COUNTOF(item.name), 
+		item.sctn, splitter, item.key, QSE_NULL);
+	qse_strxcpy (item.dval, QSE_COUNTOF(item.dval), dval);
+	item.probe = probe;
+
+	// set its default value
+	if (this->setValue(name, item.dval) <= -1) 
+	{
+		this->item_list.remove (np);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::removeItem (const qse_char_t* name)
+{
+	qse_char_t*  sctn, * key;
+	qse_size_t sctn_len, key_len;
+
+	if (this->split_name (name, &sctn, &sctn_len, &key, &key_len) == -1) return -1;
+
+	for (ItemList::Node* np = this->item_list.getHeadNode(); np; np = np->getNextNode()) 
+	{
+		Item& item = np->value;
+		if (qse_strxcmp(sctn, sctn_len, item.sctn) == 0 &&
+		    qse_strxcmp(key, key_len, item.key)  == 0) 
+		{
+			this->item_list.remove (np);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+const qse_char_t* SkvEnv::getValue (const qse_char_t* name) const
+{
+	if (!this->xli) return QSE_NULL;
+
+	qse_xli_pair_t* pair = qse_xli_findpair(this->xli, QSE_NULL, name);
+	if (!pair) return QSE_NULL;
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (pair->val != QSE_NULL);
+	QSE_ASSERT (pair->val->type == QSE_XLI_STR);
+
+	return (((qse_xli_str_t*)pair->val))->ptr;
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::setValue (const qse_char_t* name, const qse_char_t* value)
+{
+	qse_char_t* sctn, * key;
+	qse_size_t sctn_len, key_len;
+
+	if (this->split_name(name, &sctn, &sctn_len, &key, &key_len) <= -1) return -1;
+
+	if (!this->xli)
+	{
+		this->xli = qse_xli_openstdwithmmgr(this->getMmgr(), 0, 0, QSE_NULL);
+		if (!this->xli) return -1;
+		qse_xli_setopt (this->xli, QSE_XLI_KEYSPLITTER, splitter);
+	}
+
+	// find if the name is a registered item name.
+	for (ItemList::Node* np = this->item_list.getHeadNode(); np; np = np->getNextNode()) 
+	{
+		Item& item = np->value;
+		if (qse_strxcmp(sctn, sctn_len, item.sctn) == 0 &&
+		    qse_strxcmp(key, key_len, item.key)  == 0) 
+		{
+			// if it's the registered item name, change the value.
+			return this->set_value_with_item (item, value);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::split_name (const qse_char_t* name, qse_char_t** sctn, qse_size_t* sctn_len, qse_char_t** key, qse_size_t* key_len)
+{
+	QSE_ASSERT (name     != QSE_NULL);
+	QSE_ASSERT (sctn     != QSE_NULL);
+	QSE_ASSERT (sctn_len != QSE_NULL);
+	QSE_ASSERT (key      != QSE_NULL);
+	QSE_ASSERT (key_len  != QSE_NULL);
+
+	qse_char_t* p;
+	qse_cstr_t s, k;
+
+	p = qse_strtok(name, splitter, &s);
+	if (!p || s.len == 0) return -1;
+	qse_strtok(p, QSE_NULL, &k);
+	if (k.len == 0) return -1;
+
+	*sctn     = s.ptr;
+	*sctn_len = s.len;
+	*key      = k.ptr;
+	*key_len  = k.len;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::set_value_with_item (Item& item, const qse_char_t* value)
+{
+#if 0
+	if (this->probe_item_value(item, value) <= -1) return -1;
+
+	qse_cstr_t v = { (qse_char_t*)value, qse_strlen(value) };
+
+	qse_xli_pair_t* pair;
+	pair = qse_xli_setpairwithstr(this->xli, QSE_NULL, item.name, &v, QSE_NULL);
+	if (!pair)
+	{
+		if (qse_xli_geterrnum(this->xli) != QSE_XLI_ENOENT) return -1;
+
+		pair = qse_xli_findpair(this->xli, QSE_NULL, item.sctn);
+		if (!pair)
+		{
+			pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithemptylist(this->xli, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, item.sctn, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL);
+			if (!pair) return -1;
+		}
+
+		QSE_ASSERT (pair->val != QSE_NULL);
+		QSE_ASSERT (pair->val->type == QSE_XLI_LIST);
+
+		if (!qse_xli_insertpairwithstr(this->xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val, QSE_NULL, item.key, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, &v, QSE_NULL)) return -1;
+	}
+
+	this->accept_item_value (item, value);
+	return 0;
+#else
+
+	// this function adds/updates the pair with the given value
+	// before it verifies the value. as long as verification is
+	// ok, the value is guaranteed to be set.
+
+	qse_cstr_t v = { (qse_char_t*)value, qse_strlen(value) };
+	qse_xli_pair_t* sctn_pair = QSE_NULL, * kv_pair = QSE_NULL;
+
+	sctn_pair = qse_xli_findpair(this->xli, QSE_NULL, item.sctn);
+	if (sctn_pair)
+	{
+		// section exists.
+		QSE_ASSERT (sctn_pair->val && sctn_pair->val->type == QSE_XLI_LIST);
+		kv_pair = qse_xli_findpair(this->xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)sctn_pair->val, item.key);
+		if (kv_pair)
+		{
+			// key also exists
+			qse_xli_pair_t* existing_kv_pair = kv_pair;
+
+			kv_pair = QSE_NULL;
+			sctn_pair = QSE_NULL;
+
+			qse_xli_str_t* newstrv = qse_xli_makestrval(this->xli, &v, QSE_NULL);
+			if (!newstrv) goto rollback;
+
+			if (this->call_probe_item_value(item, value) <= -1) 
+			{
+				qse_xli_freeval (this->xli, (qse_xli_val_t*)newstrv);
+				goto rollback;
+			}
+
+			qse_xli_freeval (this->xli, existing_kv_pair->val);
+			existing_kv_pair->val = (qse_xli_val_t*)newstrv;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			kv_pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithstr(this->xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)sctn_pair->val, QSE_NULL, item.key, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, &v, QSE_NULL);
+			sctn_pair = QSE_NULL;
+			if (!kv_pair) goto rollback;
+
+			if (this->call_probe_item_value(item, value) <= -1)  goto rollback;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		sctn_pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithemptylist(this->xli, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, item.sctn, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL);
+		if (!sctn_pair) return -1;
+
+		kv_pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithstr(this->xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)sctn_pair->val, QSE_NULL, item.key, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, &v, QSE_NULL);
+		if (!kv_pair) goto rollback;
+
+		if (this->call_probe_item_value(item, value) <= -1)  goto rollback;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+rollback:
+	if (kv_pair) qse_xli_deletepair (this->xli, kv_pair);
+	if (sctn_pair) qse_xli_deletepair (this->xli, sctn_pair);
+	return -1;
+#endif
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::load (const qse_char_t* path)
+{
+	qse_xli_t* xli;
+
+	if (!this->xli)
+	{
+		// this means that no items have been registered with
+		// this->addItem(). so loading is meaningless.
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xli = qse_xli_openstdwithmmgr (this->getMmgr(), 0, 0, QSE_NULL);
+	if (!xli) return -1;
+
+	qse_xli_setopt (xli, QSE_XLI_KEYSPLITTER, splitter);
+
+	qse_xli_iostd_t in;
+	QSE_MEMSET (&in, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(in));
+	in.type = QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE;
+	in.u.file.path = path;
+
+	if (qse_xli_readinistd(xli, &in) <= -1)
+	{
+		qse_xli_close (xli);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (ItemList::Node* np = this->item_list.getHeadNode(); np; np = np->getNextNode())
+	{
+		Item& item = np->value;
+		qse_xli_pair_t* pair;
+
+		pair = qse_xli_findpair(xli, QSE_NULL, item.name);
+		if (pair)
+		{
+			qse_xli_str_t* strv = (qse_xli_str_t*)pair->val;
+			this->set_value_with_item (item, strv->ptr);
+			// ignore failure.
+		}
+	}
+
+// TODO: check if there are any unknown names. flag it via callbacks???
+	qse_xli_close(xli);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int SkvEnv::store (const qse_char_t* path)
+{
+	if (!this->xli) return -1;
+
+	qse_xli_iostd_t out;
+
+	QSE_MEMSET (&out, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(out));
+	out.type = QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE;
+	out.u.file.path = path;
+
+	return qse_xli_writeinistd(this->xli, QSE_NULL, &out);
+}
+
+QSE_END_NAMESPACE(QSE)

lib/xli/err.c

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+#include "../cmn/mem-prv.h"
+
+const qse_char_t* qse_xli_dflerrstr (const qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errnum_t errnum)
+{
+	static const qse_char_t* errstr[] =
+ 	{
+		QSE_T("no error"),
+		QSE_T("other error"),
+		QSE_T("not implemented"),
+		QSE_T("subsystem error"),
+		QSE_T("internal error that should never have happened"),
+
+		QSE_T("insufficient memory"),
+		QSE_T("invalid parameter or data"),
+		QSE_T("'${0}' not found"),
+		QSE_T("'${0}' already exists"),
+		QSE_T("I/O error with file '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("error returned by user I/O handler"),
+
+		QSE_T("syntax error"),
+		QSE_T("colon expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("semicolon expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("equal-sign expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("left-brace or equal-sign expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("left-brace or left-bracket expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("right-brace expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("right-bracket expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("comma expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("value expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("string not closed"),
+		QSE_T("string tag not closed"),
+		QSE_T("'@include' not followed by a string"),
+		QSE_T("invalid character '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("invalid tag character '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("'${0}' not recognized"),
+		QSE_T("@ not followed by a valid word"),
+		QSE_T("invalid identifier '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("key expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("missing key after key tag"),
+		QSE_T("undefined key '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("no alias for '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("value expected in place of '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("illegal value for '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("no value for '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("uncomplying number of string segments for '${0}'"),
+		QSE_T("section tag expected in place of '${0}'")
+	};
+
+	return (errnum >= 0 && errnum < QSE_COUNTOF(errstr))?
+		errstr[errnum]: QSE_T("unknown error");
+}
+
+qse_xli_errstr_t qse_xli_geterrstr (const qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	return xli->errstr;
+}
+
+void qse_xli_seterrstr (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errstr_t errstr)
+{
+	xli->errstr = errstr;
+}
+
+qse_xli_errnum_t qse_xli_geterrnum (const qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	return xli->errnum;
+}
+
+const qse_xli_loc_t* qse_xli_geterrloc (const qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	return &xli->errloc;
+}
+
+const qse_char_t* qse_xli_geterrmsg (const qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	return (xli->errmsg[0] == QSE_T('\0'))?
+		qse_xli_geterrstr(xli)(xli,xli->errnum): xli->errmsg;
+}
+
+void qse_xli_geterror (
+	const qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errnum_t* errnum, 
+	const qse_char_t** errmsg, qse_xli_loc_t* errloc)
+{
+	if (errnum != QSE_NULL) *errnum = xli->errnum;
+	if (errmsg != QSE_NULL) 
+	{
+		*errmsg = (xli->errmsg[0] == QSE_T('\0'))?
+			qse_xli_geterrstr(xli)(xli,xli->errnum):
+			xli->errmsg;
+	}
+	if (errloc != QSE_NULL) *errloc = xli->errloc;
+}
+
+void qse_xli_seterrnum (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errnum_t errnum, const qse_cstr_t* errarg)
+{
+	qse_xli_seterror (xli, errnum, errarg, QSE_NULL);
+}
+
+void qse_xli_seterrmsg (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errnum_t errnum,
+	const qse_char_t* errmsg, const qse_xli_loc_t* errloc)
+{
+	xli->errnum = errnum;
+	qse_strxcpy (xli->errmsg, QSE_COUNTOF(xli->errmsg), errmsg);
+	if (errloc != QSE_NULL) xli->errloc = *errloc;
+	else QSE_MEMSET (&xli->errloc, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(xli->errloc));
+}
+
+void qse_xli_seterror (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errnum_t errnum,
+	const qse_cstr_t* errarg, const qse_xli_loc_t* errloc)
+{
+	const qse_char_t* errfmt;
+
+	xli->errnum = errnum;
+
+	errfmt = qse_xli_geterrstr(xli)(xli,xli->errnum);
+	QSE_ASSERT (errfmt != QSE_NULL);
+	qse_strxfncpy (xli->errmsg, QSE_COUNTOF(xli->errmsg), errfmt, errarg);
+
+	if (errloc != QSE_NULL) xli->errloc = *errloc;
+	else QSE_MEMSET (&xli->errloc, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(xli->errloc));
+}
+

lib/xli/json.c

@@ -0,0 +1,995 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include <qse/xli/json.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/chr.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/str.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/mbwc.h>
+#include "../cmn/mem-prv.h"
+
+#define QSE_JSON_TOKEN_NAME_ALIGN 64
+
+typedef struct qse_json_state_node_t qse_json_state_node_t;
+struct qse_json_state_node_t
+{
+	qse_json_state_t state;
+	union
+	{
+		struct
+		{
+			int got_value;
+		} ia; /* in array */
+
+		struct
+		{
+			/* 0: ready to get key (at the beginning or got comma), 
+			 * 1: got key, 2: got colon, 3: got value */
+			int state; 
+		} id; /* in dictionary */
+		struct
+		{
+			int escaped;
+			int digit_count;
+			/* acc is always of unicode type to handle \u and \U. 
+			 * in the bch mode, it will get converted to a utf8 stream. */
+			qse_wchar_t acc;
+		} sv;
+		struct
+		{
+			int escaped;
+			int digit_count;
+			/* for a character, no way to support the unicode character
+			 * in the bch mode */
+			qse_char_t acc; 
+		} cv;
+		struct
+		{
+			int dotted;
+		} nv;
+	} u;
+	qse_json_state_node_t* next;
+};
+
+struct qse_json_t
+{
+	QSE_JSON_HDR;
+
+	qse_json_errnum_t errnum;
+	struct
+	{
+		qse_char_t backup[256];
+		qse_char_t buf[256];
+		/*qse_size_t len;*/
+	} errmsg;
+
+	qse_json_prim_t prim;
+
+	struct
+	{
+		int trait;
+	} cfg;
+
+	qse_json_state_node_t state_top;
+	qse_json_state_node_t* state_stack;
+
+	qse_cstr_t tok;
+	qse_size_t tok_capa;
+};
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+static void clear_token (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	json->tok.len = 0;
+	if (json->tok_capa > 0) json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len] = QSE_T('\0');
+}
+
+static int add_char_to_token (qse_json_t* json, qse_char_t ch)
+{
+	if (json->tok.len >= json->tok_capa)
+	{
+		qse_char_t* tmp;
+		qse_size_t newcapa;
+
+		newcapa = QSE_ALIGNTO_POW2(json->tok.len + 2, QSE_JSON_TOKEN_NAME_ALIGN); /* +2 here because of -1 when setting newcapa */
+		tmp = (qse_char_t*)qse_json_reallocmem(json, json->tok.ptr, newcapa * QSE_SIZEOF(*tmp));
+		if (!tmp) return -1;
+
+		json->tok_capa = newcapa - 1; /* -1 to secure space for terminating null */
+		json->tok.ptr = tmp;
+	}
+
+	json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len++] = ch;
+	json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len] = QSE_T('\0');
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int add_chars_to_token (qse_json_t* json, const qse_char_t* ptr, qse_size_t len)
+{
+	qse_size_t i;
+	
+	if (json->tok_capa - json->tok.len > len)
+	{
+		qse_char_t* tmp;
+		qse_size_t newcapa;
+
+		newcapa = QSE_ALIGNTO_POW2(json->tok.len + len + 1, QSE_JSON_TOKEN_NAME_ALIGN);
+		tmp = (qse_char_t*)qse_json_reallocmem(json, json->tok.ptr, newcapa * QSE_SIZEOF(*tmp));
+		if (!tmp) return -1;
+
+		json->tok_capa = newcapa - 1;
+		json->tok.ptr = tmp;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)  
+		json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len++] = ptr[i];
+	json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len] = QSE_T('\0');
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static QSE_INLINE qse_char_t unescape (qse_char_t c)
+{
+	switch (c)
+	{
+		case QSE_T('a'): return QSE_T('\a');
+		case QSE_T('b'): return QSE_T('\b');
+		case QSE_T('f'): return QSE_T('\f');
+		case QSE_T('n'): return QSE_T('\n');
+		case QSE_T('r'): return QSE_T('\r');
+		case QSE_T('t'): return QSE_T('\t');
+		case QSE_T('v'): return QSE_T('\v');
+		default: return c;
+	}
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+static int push_state (qse_json_t* json, qse_json_state_t state)
+{
+	qse_json_state_node_t* ss;
+
+	ss = (qse_json_state_node_t*)qse_json_callocmem(json, QSE_SIZEOF(*ss));
+	if (!ss) return -1;
+
+	ss->state = state;
+	ss->next = json->state_stack;
+	
+	json->state_stack = ss;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void pop_state (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	qse_json_state_node_t* ss;
+
+	ss = json->state_stack;
+	QSE_ASSERT (ss != QSE_NULL && ss != &json->state_top);
+	json->state_stack = ss->next;
+
+	if (json->state_stack->state == QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_ARRAY)
+	{
+		json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value = 1;
+	}
+	else if (json->state_stack->state == QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_DIC)
+	{
+		json->state_stack->u.id.state++;
+	}
+
+/* TODO: don't free this. move it to the free list? */
+	qse_json_freemem (json, ss);
+}
+
+static void pop_all_states (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	while (json->state_stack != &json->state_top) pop_state (json);
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+static int invoke_data_inst (qse_json_t* json, qse_json_inst_t inst)
+{
+	if (json->state_stack->state == QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_DIC && json->state_stack->u.id.state == 1) 
+	{
+		if (inst != QSE_JSON_INST_STRING)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("dictionary key not a string - %.*js"), (int)json->tok.len, json->tok.ptr);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		inst = QSE_JSON_INST_KEY;
+	}
+
+	if (json->prim.instcb(json, inst, &json->tok) <= -1) return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int handle_string_value_char (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	if (json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped == 3)
+	{
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = json->state_stack->u.sv.acc * 8 + c - '0';
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped) goto add_sv_acc;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			ret = 0;
+			goto add_sv_acc;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped >= 2)
+	{
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = json->state_stack->u.sv.acc * 16 + c - '0';
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped) goto add_sv_acc;
+		}
+		else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = json->state_stack->u.sv.acc * 16 + c - 'a' + 10;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped) goto add_sv_acc;
+		}
+		else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = json->state_stack->u.sv.acc * 16 + c - 'A' + 10;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped) goto add_sv_acc;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			ret = 0;
+		add_sv_acc:
+		#if defined(QSE_CHAR_IS_WCHAR)
+			if (add_char_to_token(json, json->state_stack->u.sv.acc) <= -1) return -1;
+		#else
+			/* convert the character to utf8 */
+			{
+				qse_mchar_t bcsbuf[QSE_MBLEN_MAX];
+				qse_size_t n;
+
+				n = json->_cmgr->wctomb(json->state_stack->u.sv.acc, bcsbuf, QSE_COUNTOF(bcsbuf));
+				if (n == 0 || n > QSE_COUNTOF(bcsbuf))
+				{
+					/* illegal character or buffer to small */
+					qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EECERR, QSE_T("unable to convert %jc"), json->state_stack->u.sv.acc);
+					return -1;
+				}
+
+				if (add_chars_to_token(json, bcsbuf, n) <= -1) return -1;
+			}
+		#endif
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped == 1)
+	{
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '8') 
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 3;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = c - '0';
+		}
+		else if (c == 'x')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 2;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = 0;
+		}
+		else if (c == 'u')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 4;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = 0;
+		}
+		else if (c == 'U')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 8;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.acc = 0;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 0;
+			if (add_char_to_token(json, unescape(c)) <= -1) return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (c == '\\')
+	{
+		json->state_stack->u.sv.escaped = 1;
+	}
+	else if (c == '\"')
+	{
+		pop_state (json);
+		if (invoke_data_inst(json, QSE_JSON_INST_STRING) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (add_char_to_token(json, c) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int handle_character_value_char (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	/* The real JSON dones't support character literal. this is HCL's own extension. */
+	int ret = 1;
+
+	if (json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped == 3)
+	{
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '7')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = json->state_stack->u.cv.acc * 8 + c - '0';
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped) goto add_cv_acc;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			ret = 0;
+			goto add_cv_acc;
+		}
+	}
+	if (json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped >= 2)
+	{
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = json->state_stack->u.cv.acc * 16 + c - '0';
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped) goto add_cv_acc;
+		}
+		else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = json->state_stack->u.cv.acc * 16 + c - 'a' + 10;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped) goto add_cv_acc;
+		}
+		else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = json->state_stack->u.cv.acc * 16 + c - 'A' + 10;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count++;
+			if (json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count >= json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped) goto add_cv_acc;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			ret = 0;
+		add_cv_acc:
+			if (add_char_to_token(json, json->state_stack->u.cv.acc) <= -1) return -1;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped == 1)
+	{
+		if (c >= '0' && c <= '8') 
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 3;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = c - '0';
+		}
+		else if (c == 'x')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 2;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = 0;
+		}
+		else if (c == 'u')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 4;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = 0;
+		}
+		else if (c == 'U')
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 8;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.digit_count = 0;
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.acc = 0;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 0;
+			if (add_char_to_token(json, unescape(c)) <= -1) return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (c == '\\')
+	{
+		json->state_stack->u.cv.escaped = 1;
+	}
+	else if (c == '\'')
+	{
+		pop_state (json);
+		
+		if (json->tok.len < 1)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("no character in a character literal"));
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (invoke_data_inst(json, QSE_JSON_INST_CHARACTER) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (add_char_to_token(json, c) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (json->tok.len > 1) 
+	{
+		qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("too many characters in a character literal - %.*js"), (int)json->tok.len, json->tok.ptr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int handle_numeric_value_char (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	if (QSE_ISMDIGIT(c) || (json->tok.len == 0 && (c == '+' || c == '-')))
+	{
+		if (add_char_to_token(json, c) <= -1) return -1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (!json->state_stack->u.nv.dotted && c == '.' &&
+	         json->tok.len > 0 && QSE_ISMDIGIT(json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len - 1]))
+	{
+		if (add_char_to_token(json, c) <= -1) return -1;
+		json->state_stack->u.nv.dotted = 1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	pop_state (json);
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (json->tok.len > 0);
+	if (!QSE_ISMDIGIT(json->tok.ptr[json->tok.len - 1]))
+	{
+		qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("invalid numeric value - %.*js"), (int)json->tok.len, json->tok.ptr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (invoke_data_inst(json, QSE_JSON_INST_NUMBER) <= -1) return -1;
+	return 0; /* start over */
+}
+
+static int handle_word_value_char (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	qse_json_inst_t inst;
+
+	if (QSE_ISMALPHA(c))
+	{
+		if (add_char_to_token(json, c) <= -1) return -1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	pop_state (json);
+
+	if (qse_strxcmp(json->tok.ptr, json->tok.len, QSE_T("null")) == 0) inst = QSE_JSON_INST_NIL;
+	else if (qse_strxcmp(json->tok.ptr, json->tok.len, QSE_T("true")) == 0) inst = QSE_JSON_INST_TRUE;
+	else if (qse_strxcmp(json->tok.ptr, json->tok.len, QSE_T("false")) == 0) inst = QSE_JSON_INST_FALSE;
+	else
+	{
+		qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("invalid word value - %.*js"), (int)json->tok.len, json->tok.ptr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (invoke_data_inst(json, inst) <= -1) return -1;
+	return 0; /* start over */
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+static int handle_start_char (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	if (c == '[')
+	{
+		if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_ARRAY) <= -1) return -1;
+		json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value = 0;
+		if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_START_ARRAY, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (c == '{')
+	{
+		if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_DIC) <= -1) return -1;
+		json->state_stack->u.id.state = 0;
+		if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_START_DIC, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (QSE_ISMSPACE(c)) 
+	{
+		/* do nothing */
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("not starting with [ or { - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+static int handle_char_in_array (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	if (c == ']')
+	{
+		if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_END_ARRAY, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+		pop_state (json);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (c == ',')
+	{
+		if (!json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("redundant comma in array - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (QSE_ISMSPACE(c))
+	{
+		/* do nothing */
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("comma required in array - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (c == '\"')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_STRING_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else if (c == '\'')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_CHARACTER_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		/* TOOD: else if (c == '#') HCL radixed number
+		 */
+		else if (QSE_ISMDIGIT(c) || c == '+' || c == '-')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_NUMERIC_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			json->state_stack->u.nv.dotted = 0;
+			return 0; /* start over */
+		}
+		else if (QSE_ISMALPHA(c))
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_WORD_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			return 0; /* start over */
+		}
+		else if (c == '[')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_ARRAY) <= -1) return -1;
+			json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value = 0;
+			if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_START_ARRAY, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else if (c == '{')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_DIC) <= -1) return -1;
+			json->state_stack->u.id.state = 0;
+			if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_START_DIC, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("wrong character inside array - %jc[%d]"), (qse_char_t)c, (int)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int handle_char_in_dic (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	if (c == '}')
+	{
+		if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_END_DIC, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+		pop_state (json);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (c == ':')
+	{
+		if (json->state_stack->u.id.state != 1)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("redundant colon in dictionary - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		json->state_stack->u.id.state++;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (c == ',')
+	{
+		if (json->state_stack->u.id.state != 3)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("redundant comma in dicitonary - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		json->state_stack->u.id.state = 0;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else if (QSE_ISMSPACE(c))
+	{
+		/* do nothing */
+		return 1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (json->state_stack->u.id.state == 1)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("colon required in dicitonary - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		else if (json->state_stack->u.id.state == 3)
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("comma required in dicitonary - %jc"), (qse_char_t)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (c == '\"')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_STRING_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else if (c == '\'')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_CHARACTER_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			return 1;
+		}
+		/* TOOD: else if (c == '#') HCL radixed number
+		 */
+		else if (QSE_ISMDIGIT(c) || c == '+' || c == '-')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_NUMERIC_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			json->state_stack->u.nv.dotted = 0;
+			return 0; /* start over */
+		}
+		else if (QSE_ISMALPHA(c))
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_WORD_VALUE) <= -1) return -1;
+			clear_token (json);
+			return 0; /* start over */
+		}
+		else if (c == '[')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_ARRAY) <= -1) return -1;
+			json->state_stack->u.ia.got_value = 0;
+			if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_START_ARRAY, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else if (c == '{')
+		{
+			if (push_state(json, QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_DIC) <= -1) return -1;
+			json->state_stack->u.id.state = 0;
+			if (json->prim.instcb(json, QSE_JSON_INST_START_DIC, QSE_NULL) <= -1) return -1;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL, QSE_T("wrong character inside dictionary - %jc[%d]"), (qse_char_t)c, (int)c);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+static int handle_char (qse_json_t* json, qse_cint_t c)
+{
+	int x;
+
+start_over:
+	if (c == QSE_CHAR_EOF)
+	{
+		if (json->state_stack->state == QSE_JSON_STATE_START)
+		{
+			/* no input data */
+			return 0;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			qse_json_seterrnum (json, QSE_JSON_EFINIS);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch (json->state_stack->state)
+	{
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_START:
+			x = handle_start_char(json, c);
+			break;
+
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_ARRAY:
+			x = handle_char_in_array(json, c);
+			break;
+
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_DIC:
+			x = handle_char_in_dic(json, c);
+			break;
+
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_WORD_VALUE:
+			x = handle_word_value_char(json, c);
+			break;
+
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_STRING_VALUE:
+			x = handle_string_value_char(json, c);
+			break;
+			
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_CHARACTER_VALUE:
+			x = handle_character_value_char(json, c);
+			break;
+
+		case QSE_JSON_STATE_IN_NUMERIC_VALUE:
+			x = handle_numeric_value_char(json, c);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			qse_json_seterrfmt (json, QSE_JSON_EINTERN, QSE_T("internal error - must not be called for state %d"), (int)json->state_stack->state);
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (x <= -1) return -1;
+	if (x == 0) goto start_over;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+static int feed_json_data (qse_json_t* json, const qse_mchar_t* data, qse_size_t len, qse_size_t* xlen)
+{
+	const qse_mchar_t* ptr;
+	const qse_mchar_t* end;
+
+	ptr = data;
+	end = ptr + len;
+
+	while (ptr < end)
+	{
+		qse_cint_t c;
+
+	#if defined(QSE_CHAR_IS_WCHAR)
+		qse_char_t uc;
+		qse_size_t bcslen;
+		qse_size_t n;
+
+		bcslen = end - ptr;
+		n = json->_cmgr->mbtowc(ptr, bcslen, &uc);
+		if (n == 0)
+		{
+			/* invalid sequence */
+			uc = *ptr;
+			n = 1;
+		}
+		else if (n > bcslen)
+		{
+			/* incomplete sequence */
+			*xlen = ptr - data; /* didn't manage to process in full */
+			return 0; /* feed more for incomplete sequence */
+		}
+
+		ptr += n;
+		c = uc;
+	#else
+		c = *ptr++;
+	#endif
+
+		/* handle a single character */
+		if (handle_char(json, c) <= -1) goto oops;
+	}
+
+	*xlen = ptr - data;
+	return 1;
+
+oops:
+	/* TODO: compute the number of processed bytes so far and return it via a parameter??? */
+/*printf ("feed oops....\n");*/
+	return -1;
+}
+
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+qse_json_t* qse_json_open (qse_mmgr_t* mmgr, qse_size_t xtnsize, qse_json_prim_t* prim, qse_json_errnum_t* errnum)
+{
+	qse_json_t* json;
+
+	json = (qse_json_t*)QSE_MMGR_ALLOC(mmgr, QSE_SIZEOF(*json) + xtnsize);
+	if (!json) 
+	{
+		if (errnum) *errnum = QSE_JSON_ENOMEM;
+		return QSE_NULL;
+	}
+
+	QSE_MEMSET (json, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(*json) + xtnsize);
+	json->_instsize = QSE_SIZEOF(*json);
+	json->_mmgr = mmgr;
+	json->_cmgr = qse_getdflcmgr();
+	json->prim = *prim;
+
+	json->state_top.state = QSE_JSON_STATE_START;
+	json->state_top.next = QSE_NULL;
+	json->state_stack = &json->state_top;
+
+	return json;
+}
+
+void qse_json_close (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	pop_all_states (json);
+	if (json->tok.ptr) qse_json_freemem (json, json->tok.ptr);
+	QSE_MMGR_FREE (json->_mmgr, json);
+}
+
+int qse_json_setoption (qse_json_t* json, qse_json_option_t id, const void* value)
+{
+	switch (id)
+	{
+		case QSE_JSON_TRAIT:
+			json->cfg.trait = *(const int*)value;
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	qse_json_seterrnum (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int qse_json_getoption (qse_json_t* json, qse_json_option_t id, void* value)
+{
+	switch (id)
+	{
+		case QSE_JSON_TRAIT:
+			*(int*)value = json->cfg.trait;
+			return 0;
+	};
+
+	qse_json_seterrnum (json, QSE_JSON_EINVAL);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+qse_json_errnum_t qse_json_geterrnum (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	return json->errnum;
+}
+
+const qse_char_t* qse_json_geterrmsg (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	const qse_char_t* __errstr[] =
+	{
+		QSE_T("no error"),
+		QSE_T("other error"),
+		QSE_T("not implemented"),
+		QSE_T("subsystem error"),
+		QSE_T("internal error"),
+		
+		QSE_T("insufficient memory"),
+		QSE_T("invalid parameter or data"),
+		QSE_T("unexpected end of data")
+	};
+	return (json->errmsg.buf[0] == QSE_T('\0'))? __errstr[json->errnum]: json->errmsg.buf;
+
+}
+
+const qse_char_t* qse_json_backuperrmsg (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	qse_strxcpy (json->errmsg.backup, QSE_COUNTOF(json->errmsg.backup), qse_json_geterrmsg(json));
+	return json->errmsg.backup;
+}
+
+void qse_json_seterrnum (qse_json_t* json, qse_json_errnum_t errnum)
+{
+	/*if (json->shuterr) return; */
+	json->errnum = errnum;
+	json->errmsg.buf[0] = QSE_T('\0');
+}
+
+void qse_json_seterrfmt (qse_json_t* json, qse_json_errnum_t errnum, const qse_char_t* errfmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	json->errnum = errnum;
+	va_start (ap, errfmt);
+	qse_strxvfmt(json->errmsg.buf, QSE_COUNTOF(json->errmsg.buf), errfmt, ap);
+	va_end (ap);
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+void* qse_json_allocmem (qse_json_t* json, qse_size_t size)
+{
+	void* ptr;
+
+	ptr = QSE_MMGR_ALLOC(qse_json_getmmgr(json), size);
+	if (!ptr) qse_json_seterrnum (json, QSE_JSON_ENOMEM);
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+void* qse_json_callocmem (qse_json_t* json, qse_size_t size)
+{
+	void* ptr;
+
+	ptr = QSE_MMGR_ALLOC(qse_json_getmmgr(json), size);
+	if (!ptr) qse_json_seterrnum (json, QSE_JSON_ENOMEM);
+	else QSE_MEMSET (ptr, 0, size);
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+void* qse_json_reallocmem (qse_json_t* json, void* ptr, qse_size_t size)
+{
+	ptr = QSE_MMGR_REALLOC(qse_json_getmmgr(json), ptr, size);
+	if (!ptr) qse_json_seterrnum (json, QSE_JSON_ENOMEM);
+	return ptr;
+}
+
+void qse_json_freemem (qse_json_t* json, void* ptr)
+{
+	QSE_MMGR_FREE (qse_json_getmmgr(json), ptr);
+}
+
+/* ========================================================================= */
+
+qse_json_state_t qse_json_getstate (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	return json->state_stack->state;
+}
+
+void qse_json_reset (qse_json_t* json)
+{
+	/* TODO: reset XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXxxxxx */
+	pop_all_states (json);
+	QSE_ASSERT (json->state_stack == &json->state_top);
+	json->state_stack->state = QSE_JSON_STATE_START;
+}
+
+int qse_json_feed (qse_json_t* json, const void* ptr, qse_size_t len, qse_size_t* xlen)
+{
+	int x;
+	qse_size_t total, ylen;
+	const qse_mchar_t* buf;
+
+	buf = (const qse_mchar_t*)ptr;
+	total = 0;
+	while (total < len)
+	{
+		x = feed_json_data(json, &buf[total], len - total, &ylen);
+		if (x <= -1) return -1;
+
+		total += ylen;
+		if (x == 0) break; /* incomplete sequence encountered */
+	}
+
+	*xlen = total;
+	return 0;
+}

lib/xli/read-ini.c

@@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+#include <qse/cmn/chr.h>
+
+/*
+ * It reads key-value pairs under sections as shown below:
+ * 
+ * [SECTION1]
+ * key1 = value1
+ * key2 = value2
+ * [SECTION2]
+ * key1 = value1
+ *
+ * The above can get translated to the native XLI format shown below:
+ *
+ * SECTION1 {
+ *   key1 = "value1";
+ *   key2 = "value2";
+ * }
+ * SECTION2 {
+ *   key1 = "value1";
+ * }
+ *
+ * The ini-format reader doesn't support file inclusion via @include.
+ */
+
+enum
+{
+	TOK_STATUS_SAME_LINE = (1 << 0),
+	TOK_STATUS_UPTO_EOL = (1 << 1)
+};
+
+#define GET_CHAR(xli) \
+	do { if (qse_xli_getchar(xli) <= -1) return -1; } while(0)
+
+#define GET_CHAR_TO(xli,c) \
+	do { \
+		if (qse_xli_getchar(xli) <= -1) return -1; \
+		c = (xli)->rio.last.c; \
+	} while(0)
+
+#define ADD_TOKEN_CHAR(xli,tok,c) \
+	do { \
+		if (qse_str_ccat((tok)->name,(c)) == (qse_size_t)-1) \
+		{ \
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOMEM, QSE_NULL); \
+			return -1; \
+		} \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define ADD_TOKEN_STR(xli,tok,s,l) \
+	do { \
+		if (qse_str_ncat((tok)->name,(s),(l)) == (qse_size_t)-1) \
+		{ \
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOMEM, QSE_NULL); \
+			return -1; \
+		} \
+	} while (0)
+
+#define SET_TOKEN_TYPE(xli,tok,code) \
+	do { (tok)->type = (code); } while (0)
+
+#define MATCH(xli,tok_type) ((xli)->tok.type == (tok_type))
+#define MATCH(xli,tok_type) ((xli)->tok.type == (tok_type))
+
+static int skip_spaces (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	qse_cint_t c = xli->rio.last.c;
+	if (xli->tok_status & TOK_STATUS_SAME_LINE)
+	{
+		while (QSE_ISSPACE(c) && c != QSE_T('\n')) GET_CHAR_TO (xli, c);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		while (QSE_ISSPACE(c)) GET_CHAR_TO (xli, c);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int skip_comment (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_tok_t* tok)
+{
+	qse_cint_t c = xli->rio.last.c;
+
+	if (c == QSE_T(';'))
+	{
+		/* skip up to \n */
+		qse_str_clear (tok->name);
+
+		do
+		{ 
+			GET_CHAR_TO (xli, c); 
+			if (c == QSE_T('\n') || c == QSE_CHAR_EOF) break;
+
+			if (xli->opt.trait & QSE_XLI_KEEPTEXT) ADD_TOKEN_CHAR (xli, tok, c);
+		}
+		while (1);
+
+		if ((xli->opt.trait & QSE_XLI_KEEPTEXT) && 
+		    qse_xli_inserttext (xli,  xli->parlink->list, QSE_NULL, QSE_STR_PTR(tok->name)) == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+
+		GET_CHAR (xli); /* eat the new line letter */
+		return 1; /* comment by ; */
+	}
+
+	return 0; 
+}
+
+static int get_token_into (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_tok_t* tok)
+{
+	qse_cint_t c;
+	int n;
+
+/*retry:*/
+	do 
+	{
+		if (skip_spaces (xli) <= -1) return -1;
+		if (!(xli->tok_status & TOK_STATUS_UPTO_EOL))
+		{
+			if ((n = skip_comment (xli, tok)) <= -1) return -1; 
+		}
+		else n = 0;
+	} 
+	while (n >= 1);
+
+	qse_str_clear (tok->name);
+	tok->loc.file = xli->rio.last.file;
+	tok->loc.line = xli->rio.last.line;
+	tok->loc.colm = xli->rio.last.colm;
+
+	c = xli->rio.last.c;
+
+	if (c == QSE_CHAR_EOF) 
+	{
+		ADD_TOKEN_STR (xli, tok, QSE_T("<EOF>"), 5);
+		SET_TOKEN_TYPE (xli, tok, QSE_XLI_TOK_EOF); 
+	}
+	else if (xli->tok_status & TOK_STATUS_UPTO_EOL)
+	{
+		qse_size_t xlen = 0;
+
+		SET_TOKEN_TYPE (xli, tok, QSE_XLI_TOK_SQSTR);
+
+		do
+		{
+			if (c == QSE_CHAR_EOF || c == QSE_T(';')) break;
+			if (c == QSE_T('\n')) 
+			{
+				GET_CHAR (xli);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			ADD_TOKEN_CHAR (xli, tok, c);
+			if (!QSE_ISSPACE(c)) xlen = QSE_STR_LEN(tok->name);
+
+			GET_CHAR_TO (xli, c);
+		}
+		while (1);
+
+		/* trim away trailing spaces */
+		qse_str_setlen (tok->name, xlen);
+	}
+	else if (c == QSE_T('['))
+	{
+		/* in the ini-styled format, a tag is used as a section name.
+		 * but the kinds of allowed charaters are more limited than
+		 * a normal tag in the xli format. */
+		SET_TOKEN_TYPE (xli, tok, QSE_XLI_TOK_TAG);
+
+		while (1)
+		{
+			GET_CHAR_TO (xli, c);
+
+			if (c == QSE_CHAR_EOF || c == QSE_T('\n'))
+			{
+				/* the string tag is not closed */
+				qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_ETAGNC, QSE_NULL, &xli->tok.loc);
+				return -1;
+			}
+
+			if (c == QSE_T(']'))
+			{
+				/* terminating quote */
+				GET_CHAR (xli);
+				break;
+			}
+
+			if (!QSE_ISALNUM(c) && c != QSE_T('-') && c != QSE_T('_') && c != QSE_T(':'))
+			{
+				qse_char_t cc = (qse_char_t)c;
+				qse_cstr_t ea;
+				ea.ptr = &cc;
+				ea.len = 1;
+				qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_ETAGCHR, &ea, &tok->loc);
+				return -1;
+			}
+
+			ADD_TOKEN_CHAR (xli, tok, c);
+		}
+	}
+	else if (c == QSE_T('_') || QSE_ISALPHA(c) || 
+	         ((xli->opt.trait & QSE_XLI_LEADDIGIT) && QSE_ISDIGIT(c)))
+	{
+		int lead_digit = QSE_ISDIGIT(c);
+		int all_digits = 1;
+
+		/* a normal identifier can be composed of wider varieties of 
+		 * characters than a keyword/directive */
+		while (1)
+		{
+			ADD_TOKEN_CHAR (xli, tok, c);
+			GET_CHAR_TO (xli, c);
+
+			if (c == QSE_T('_') || c == QSE_T('-') || 
+			    c == QSE_T(':') || c == QSE_T('*') ||
+			    c == QSE_T('/') || QSE_ISALPHA(c)) 
+			{
+				all_digits = 0;
+			}
+			else if (QSE_ISDIGIT(c)) 
+			{
+				/* nothing to do */
+			}
+			else break;
+		} 
+
+		if (lead_digit && all_digits)
+		{
+			/* if an identifier begins with a digit, it must contain a non-digits character */
+			qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_EIDENT, QSE_STR_XSTR(tok->name), &tok->loc);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		SET_TOKEN_TYPE (xli, tok, QSE_XLI_TOK_IDENT);
+	}
+	else if (c == QSE_T('='))
+	{
+		SET_TOKEN_TYPE (xli, tok, QSE_XLI_TOK_EQ);
+		ADD_TOKEN_CHAR (xli, tok, c);
+		GET_CHAR (xli);
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if ((xli->tok_status & TOK_STATUS_SAME_LINE) && c == QSE_T('\n'))
+		{
+			SET_TOKEN_TYPE (xli, tok, QSE_XLI_TOK_NL);
+			ADD_TOKEN_STR (xli, tok, QSE_T("<NL>"), 4);
+			GET_CHAR (xli);
+		}
+		/* not handled yet */
+		else if (c == QSE_T('\0'))
+		{
+			qse_cstr_t ea;
+			ea.ptr = QSE_T("<NUL>");
+			ea.len = 5;
+			qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_ELXCHR, &ea, &tok->loc);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			qse_char_t cc = (qse_char_t)c;
+			qse_cstr_t ea;
+			ea.ptr = &cc;
+			ea.len = 1;
+			qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_ELXCHR, &ea, &tok->loc);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int get_token (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	return get_token_into (xli, &xli->tok);
+}
+
+static int read_list (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	qse_xli_pair_t* pair;
+	qse_cstr_t key;
+	qse_xli_list_t* curlist;
+
+	key.ptr = QSE_NULL;
+	key.len = 0;
+
+	while (1)
+	{
+		if (MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_EOF)) break;
+
+		if (MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_TAG))
+		{
+			/* insert a pair with an empty list */
+			pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithemptylist (xli, &xli->root->list, QSE_NULL, QSE_STR_PTR(xli->tok.name), QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL);
+			if (pair == QSE_NULL) goto oops;
+
+			curlist = (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val;
+			xli->parlink->list = curlist;
+
+			while (1)
+			{
+				if (get_token (xli) <= -1) goto oops;
+
+				if (MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_EOF)) break;
+				if (MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_TAG)) 
+				{
+					/* switch to a new tag */
+					pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithemptylist (xli, &xli->root->list, QSE_NULL, QSE_STR_PTR(xli->tok.name), QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL);
+					if (pair == QSE_NULL) goto oops;
+
+					curlist = (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val;
+					xli->parlink->list = curlist;
+					continue;
+				}
+
+				if (!MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_IDENT))
+				{
+					qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_EKEY, QSE_STR_XSTR(xli->tok.name), &xli->tok.loc);
+					goto oops;
+				}
+
+				if (xli->opt.trait & QSE_XLI_KEYNODUP)
+				{
+					qse_xli_atom_t* atom;
+
+					/* find any key conflicts in the current scope */
+					/* TODO: optimization. no sequential search */
+					atom = curlist->tail;
+					while (atom)
+					{
+						if (atom->type == QSE_XLI_PAIR &&
+						    xli->opt.strcmp(((qse_xli_pair_t*)atom)->key, QSE_STR_PTR(xli->tok.name)) == 0)
+						{
+							qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_EEXIST, QSE_STR_XSTR(xli->tok.name), &xli->tok.loc);
+							goto oops;
+						}
+
+						atom = atom->prev;
+					}
+				}
+
+				QSE_ASSERT (key.ptr == QSE_NULL);
+				key.len = QSE_STR_LEN(xli->tok.name);
+				key.ptr = qse_strdup(QSE_STR_PTR(xli->tok.name), qse_xli_getmmgr(xli));
+				if (key.ptr == QSE_NULL) 
+				{
+					qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOMEM, QSE_NULL); 
+					goto oops;
+				}
+
+				xli->tok_status |= TOK_STATUS_SAME_LINE;
+				if (get_token (xli) <= -1) goto oops;
+
+				if (!MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_EQ))
+				{
+					qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_EEQ,  QSE_STR_XSTR(xli->tok.name), &xli->tok.loc);
+					goto oops;
+				}
+
+				/* read the value */
+				xli->tok_status |= TOK_STATUS_UPTO_EOL;
+				if (get_token (xli) <= -1) goto oops;
+
+				xli->tok_status &= ~(TOK_STATUS_SAME_LINE | TOK_STATUS_UPTO_EOL);
+
+				if (MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_EOF))
+				{
+					/* empty value */
+					qse_cstr_t empty;
+
+					empty.ptr = QSE_T("");
+					empty.len = 0;
+
+					pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithstr (xli, curlist, QSE_NULL, key.ptr, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, &empty, QSE_NULL);
+
+					qse_xli_freemem (xli, key.ptr);
+					key.ptr = QSE_NULL;
+
+					if (pair == QSE_NULL) goto oops;
+					break;
+				}
+
+				if (MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_SQSTR))
+				{
+					/* add a new pair with the initial string segment */
+					pair = qse_xli_insertpairwithstr (xli, curlist, QSE_NULL, key.ptr, QSE_NULL, QSE_NULL, QSE_STR_XSTR(xli->tok.name), QSE_NULL);
+
+					qse_xli_freemem (xli, key.ptr);
+					key.ptr = QSE_NULL;
+
+					if (pair == QSE_NULL) goto oops;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_EVAL, QSE_STR_XSTR(xli->tok.name), &xli->tok.loc);
+					goto oops;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_ESECTAG, QSE_STR_XSTR(xli->tok.name), &xli->tok.loc);
+			goto oops;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+
+oops:
+	if (key.ptr) qse_xli_freemem (xli, key.ptr);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int read_root_list (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	qse_xli_list_link_t* link;
+
+	link = qse_xli_makelistlink (xli, &xli->root->list);
+	if (!link) return -1;
+
+	if (qse_xli_getchar (xli) <= -1 || get_token (xli) <= -1 || read_list (xli) <= -1)
+	{
+		qse_xli_freelistlink (xli, link);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (link == xli->parlink);
+	qse_xli_freelistlink (xli, link);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_readini (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_impl_t io)
+{
+	if (!io)
+	{
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL); 
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	QSE_MEMSET (&xli->rio, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(xli->rio));
+	xli->rio.impl = io;
+	xli->rio.top.line = 1;
+	xli->rio.top.colm = 1;
+	xli->rio.inp = &xli->rio.top;
+
+	xli->tok_status = 0;
+
+	qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOERR, QSE_NULL); 
+	qse_xli_clearrionames (xli);
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (QSE_STR_LEN(xli->dotted_curkey) == 0);
+
+	if (qse_xli_openrstream(xli, xli->rio.inp) <= -1) return -1;
+	/* the input stream is open now */
+
+	if (read_root_list(xli) <= -1) goto oops;
+
+	if (!MATCH(xli, QSE_XLI_TOK_EOF))
+	{
+		qse_xli_seterror (xli, QSE_XLI_ESYNTAX, QSE_NULL, &xli->tok.loc);
+		goto oops;
+	}
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (xli->rio.inp == &xli->rio.top);
+	qse_xli_closeactiverstream (xli);
+	qse_str_clear (xli->tok.name);
+	return 0;
+
+oops:
+	/* an error occurred and control has reached here
+	 * probably, some included files might not have been 
+	 * closed. close them */
+	while (xli->rio.inp != &xli->rio.top)
+	{
+		qse_xli_io_arg_t* prev;
+
+		/* nothing much to do about a close error */
+		qse_xli_closeactiverstream (xli);
+
+		prev = xli->rio.inp->prev;
+		QSE_ASSERT (xli->rio.inp->name != QSE_NULL);
+		qse_xli_freemem (xli, xli->rio.inp);
+		xli->rio.inp = prev;
+	}
+	
+	qse_xli_closeactiverstream (xli);
+	qse_str_clear (xli->tok.name);
+	return -1;
+}

lib/xli/std.c

@@ -0,0 +1,745 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+#include <qse/xli/stdxli.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/path.h>
+#include "../cmn/mem-prv.h"
+
+typedef struct xtn_t
+{
+	struct
+	{
+		struct 
+		{
+			qse_xli_iostd_t* x;
+
+			union
+			{
+				/* 
+					nothing to maintain for file here 
+				 */
+
+				struct 
+				{
+					const qse_char_t* ptr;	
+					const qse_char_t* end;	
+				} str;
+			} u;
+		} in;
+
+		struct
+		{
+			qse_xli_iostd_t* x;
+			union
+			{
+				struct
+				{
+					qse_sio_t* sio;
+				} file;
+				struct 
+				{
+					qse_str_t* buf;
+				} str;
+			} u;
+		} out;
+	} s; 
+
+	qse_xli_ecb_t ecb;
+} xtn_t;
+
+#if defined(QSE_HAVE_INLINE)
+static QSE_INLINE xtn_t* GET_XTN(qse_xli_t* xli) { return (xtn_t*)((qse_uint8_t*)qse_xli_getxtn(xli) - QSE_SIZEOF(xtn_t)); }
+#else
+#define GET_XTN(xli) ((xtn_t*)((qse_uint8_t*)qse_xli_getxtn(xli) - QSE_SIZEOF(xtn_t)))
+#endif
+
+qse_xli_t* qse_xli_openstd (qse_size_t xtnsize, qse_size_t rootxtnsize, qse_xli_errnum_t* errnum)
+{
+	return qse_xli_openstdwithmmgr (QSE_MMGR_GETDFL(), xtnsize, rootxtnsize, errnum);
+}
+
+static void fini_xtn (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	/* nothing to do */
+}
+
+static void clear_xtn (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	/* nothing to do */
+}
+
+qse_xli_t* qse_xli_openstdwithmmgr (qse_mmgr_t* mmgr, qse_size_t xtnsize, qse_size_t rootxtnsize, qse_xli_errnum_t* errnum)
+{
+	qse_xli_t* xli;
+	xtn_t* xtn;
+
+	/* create an object */
+	xli = qse_xli_open(mmgr, QSE_SIZEOF(xtn_t) + xtnsize, rootxtnsize, errnum);
+	if (xli == QSE_NULL) goto oops;
+
+	xli->_instsize += QSE_SIZEOF(xtn_t);
+
+	/* initialize extension */
+	xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+	/* the extension area has been cleared in qse_httpd_open().
+	 * QSE_MEMSET (xtn, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(*xtn));*/
+
+	xtn->ecb.close = fini_xtn;
+	xtn->ecb.clear = clear_xtn;
+	qse_xli_pushecb (xli, &xtn->ecb);
+
+	return xli;
+
+oops:
+	if (xli) qse_xli_close (xli);
+	return QSE_NULL;
+}
+
+static qse_sio_t* open_sio (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* file, int flags)
+{
+	qse_sio_t* sio;
+	sio = qse_sio_open(qse_xli_getmmgr(xli), 0, file, flags);
+	if (sio == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_cstr_t errarg;
+		errarg.ptr = (qse_char_t*)file;
+		errarg.len = qse_strlen(file);
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &errarg);
+	}
+	return sio;
+}
+
+static qse_cstr_t sio_std_names[] =
+{
+	{ QSE_T("stdin"),   5 },
+	{ QSE_T("stdout"),  6 },
+	{ QSE_T("stderr"),  6 }
+};
+
+static qse_sio_t* open_sio_std (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_sio_std_t std, int flags)
+{
+	qse_sio_t* sio;
+	sio = qse_sio_openstd (qse_xli_getmmgr(xli), 0, std, flags);
+	if (sio == QSE_NULL) qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &sio_std_names[std]);
+	return sio;
+}
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_in_open (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg, xtn_t* xtn)
+{
+	if (arg->prev == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_xli_iostd_t* psin = xtn->s.in.x;
+	
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg == &xli->rio.top);
+
+		switch (psin->type)
+		{
+			/* normal source files */
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE:
+				if (psin->u.file.path == QSE_NULL ||
+				    (psin->u.file.path[0] == QSE_T('-') &&
+				     psin->u.file.path[1] == QSE_T('\0')))
+				{
+					/* no path name or - -> stdin */
+					arg->handle = open_sio_std (xli, QSE_SIO_STDIN, QSE_SIO_READ | QSE_SIO_IGNOREMBWCERR | QSE_SIO_LINEBREAK);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					arg->handle = open_sio (xli, psin->u.file.path, QSE_SIO_READ | QSE_SIO_IGNOREMBWCERR | QSE_SIO_KEEPPATH);
+				}
+				if (arg->handle == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+				if (psin->u.file.cmgr) qse_sio_setcmgr (arg->handle, psin->u.file.cmgr);
+
+				/* update the object name to something more specific */
+				arg->name = psin->u.file.path;
+				if (arg->name == QSE_NULL) arg->name = sio_std_names[QSE_SIO_STDIN].ptr;
+
+				return 0;
+	
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR:
+				xtn->s.in.u.str.ptr = psin->u.str.ptr;
+				xtn->s.in.u.str.end = psin->u.str.ptr + psin->u.str.len;
+				return 0;
+	
+			default:
+				qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINTERN, QSE_NULL);
+				return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* handle the included file - @include */
+		const qse_char_t* path;
+		qse_char_t fbuf[64];
+		qse_char_t* dbuf = QSE_NULL;
+	
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->name != QSE_NULL);
+
+		path = arg->name;
+		if (arg->prev->handle)
+		{
+			const qse_char_t* outer;
+
+			outer = qse_sio_getpath (arg->prev->handle);
+
+			if (outer)
+			{
+				const qse_char_t* base;
+	
+				/* i'm being included from another file */
+				base = qse_basename(outer);
+				if (base != outer && arg->name[0] != QSE_T('/'))
+				{
+					qse_size_t tmplen, totlen, dirlen;
+	
+					dirlen = base - outer;	
+					
+					totlen = qse_strlen(arg->name) + dirlen;
+					if (totlen >= QSE_COUNTOF(fbuf))
+					{
+						dbuf = qse_xli_allocmem (
+							xli, QSE_SIZEOF(qse_char_t) * (totlen + 1)
+						);
+						if (dbuf == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+		
+						path = dbuf;
+					}
+					else path = fbuf;
+		
+					tmplen = qse_strncpy ((qse_char_t*)path, outer, dirlen);
+					qse_strcpy ((qse_char_t*)path + tmplen, arg->name);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		arg->handle = qse_sio_open (
+			qse_xli_getmmgr(xli), 0, path, QSE_SIO_READ | QSE_SIO_IGNOREMBWCERR | QSE_SIO_KEEPPATH
+		);
+
+		if (dbuf) qse_xli_freemem (xli, dbuf);
+		if (arg->handle == QSE_NULL)
+		{
+			qse_cstr_t ea;
+			ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)arg->name;
+			ea.len = qse_strlen(ea.ptr);
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &ea);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_in_close (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg, xtn_t* xtn)
+{
+	if (arg->prev == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		switch (xtn->s.in.x->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE:
+				QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+				qse_sio_close (arg->handle);
+				break;
+
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR:
+				/* nothing to close */
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				/* nothing to close */
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* handle the included source file - @include */
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+		qse_sio_close (arg->handle);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_in_read (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg,
+	qse_char_t* data, qse_size_t size, xtn_t* xtn)
+{
+	if (arg->prev == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_ssize_t n;
+
+		switch (xtn->s.in.x->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE:
+				QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+				n = qse_sio_getstrn (arg->handle, data, size);
+				if (n <= -1)
+				{
+					qse_cstr_t ea;
+					ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)xtn->s.in.x->u.file.path;
+					if (ea.ptr == QSE_NULL) ea.ptr = sio_std_names[QSE_SIO_STDIN].ptr;
+					ea.len = qse_strlen(ea.ptr);
+					qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &ea);
+				}
+				break;
+
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR:
+				n = 0;
+				while (n < size && xtn->s.in.u.str.ptr < xtn->s.in.u.str.end)
+				{
+					data[n++] = *xtn->s.in.u.str.ptr++;
+				}
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				/* this should never happen */
+				qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINTERN, QSE_NULL);
+				n = -1;
+				break;
+		}
+
+		return n;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* handle the included source file - @include */
+		qse_ssize_t n;
+
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->name != QSE_NULL);
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+
+		n = qse_sio_getstrn (arg->handle, data, size);
+		if (n <= -1)
+		{
+			qse_cstr_t ea;
+			ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)arg->name;
+			ea.len = qse_strlen(ea.ptr);
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &ea);
+		}
+		return n;
+	}
+}
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_in (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_cmd_t cmd, 
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg, qse_char_t* data, qse_size_t size)
+{
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (arg != QSE_NULL);
+
+	switch (cmd)
+	{
+		case QSE_XLI_IO_OPEN:
+			return sf_in_open (xli, arg, xtn);
+
+		case QSE_XLI_IO_CLOSE:
+			return sf_in_close (xli, arg, xtn);
+
+		case QSE_XLI_IO_READ:
+			return sf_in_read (xli, arg, data, size, xtn);
+
+		default:
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINTERN, QSE_NULL);
+			return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_out_open (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg, xtn_t* xtn)
+{
+	if (arg->prev == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_xli_iostd_t* psout = xtn->s.out.x;
+	
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg == &xli->wio.top);
+
+		switch (psout->type)
+		{
+			/* normal source files */
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE:
+				if (psout->u.file.path == QSE_NULL ||
+				    (psout->u.file.path[0] == QSE_T('-') &&
+				     psout->u.file.path[1] == QSE_T('\0')))
+				{
+					/* no path name or - -> stdout */
+					arg->handle = open_sio_std (xli, QSE_SIO_STDOUT, QSE_SIO_WRITE | QSE_SIO_CREATE | QSE_SIO_TRUNCATE | QSE_SIO_IGNOREMBWCERR | QSE_SIO_LINEBREAK);
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					arg->handle = open_sio (xli, psout->u.file.path, QSE_SIO_WRITE | QSE_SIO_CREATE | QSE_SIO_TRUNCATE | QSE_SIO_IGNOREMBWCERR | QSE_SIO_KEEPPATH);
+				}
+				if (arg->handle == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+				if (psout->u.file.cmgr) qse_sio_setcmgr (arg->handle, psout->u.file.cmgr);
+
+				/* update the object name to something more specific */
+				arg->name = psout->u.file.path;
+				if (arg->name == QSE_NULL) arg->name = sio_std_names[QSE_SIO_STDOUT].ptr;
+
+				return 0;
+	
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR:
+				xtn->s.out.u.str.buf = qse_str_open(qse_xli_getmmgr(xli), 0, 512);
+				if (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf == QSE_NULL)
+				{
+					qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOMEM, QSE_NULL);
+					return -1;
+				}
+
+				return 0;
+			default:
+				qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINTERN, QSE_NULL);
+				return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* handle the included file - @include */
+		const qse_char_t* path;
+		qse_char_t fbuf[64];
+		qse_char_t* dbuf = QSE_NULL;
+	
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->name != QSE_NULL);
+
+		path = arg->name;
+		if (arg->prev->handle)
+		{
+			const qse_char_t* outer;
+
+			outer = qse_sio_getpath (arg->prev->handle);
+
+			if (outer)
+			{
+				const qse_char_t* base;
+	
+				/* i'm being included from another file */
+				base = qse_basename(outer);
+				if (base != outer && arg->name[0] != QSE_T('/'))
+				{
+					qse_size_t tmplen, totlen, dirlen;
+	
+					dirlen = base - outer;	
+					
+					totlen = qse_strlen(arg->name) + dirlen;
+					if (totlen >= QSE_COUNTOF(fbuf))
+					{
+						dbuf = qse_xli_allocmem (
+							xli, QSE_SIZEOF(qse_char_t) * (totlen + 1)
+						);
+						if (dbuf == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+		
+						path = dbuf;
+					}
+					else path = fbuf;
+		
+					tmplen = qse_strncpy ((qse_char_t*)path, outer, dirlen);
+					qse_strcpy ((qse_char_t*)path + tmplen, arg->name);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		arg->handle = qse_sio_open (
+			qse_xli_getmmgr(xli), 0, path, QSE_SIO_WRITE | QSE_SIO_CREATE | QSE_SIO_TRUNCATE | QSE_SIO_IGNOREMBWCERR | QSE_SIO_KEEPPATH
+		);
+
+		if (dbuf) qse_xli_freemem (xli, dbuf);
+		if (arg->handle == QSE_NULL)
+		{
+			qse_cstr_t ea;
+			/*ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)arg->name;
+			ea.len = qse_strlen(ea.ptr);*/
+			ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)path;
+			ea.len = qse_strlen(path);
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &ea);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_out_close (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg, xtn_t* xtn)
+{
+	if (arg->prev == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		switch (xtn->s.out.x->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE:
+				QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+				qse_sio_close (arg->handle);
+				break;
+
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR:
+				/* nothing to close */
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				/* nothing to close */
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* handle the included source file - @include */
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+		qse_sio_close (arg->handle);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_out_write (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg,
+	qse_char_t* data, qse_size_t size, xtn_t* xtn)
+{
+	if (arg->prev == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_ssize_t n;
+
+		switch (xtn->s.out.x->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE:
+				QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+				n = qse_sio_putstrn (arg->handle, data, size);
+				if (n <= -1)
+				{
+					qse_cstr_t ea;
+					ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)xtn->s.out.x->u.file.path;
+					if (ea.ptr == QSE_NULL) ea.ptr = sio_std_names[QSE_SIO_STDOUT].ptr;
+					ea.len = qse_strlen(ea.ptr);
+					qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &ea);
+				}
+				break;
+
+			case QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR:
+				if (size > QSE_TYPE_MAX(qse_ssize_t)) size = QSE_TYPE_MAX(qse_ssize_t);
+				if (qse_str_ncat (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf, data, size) == (qse_size_t)-1)
+				{
+					qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOMEM, QSE_NULL);
+					return -1;
+				}
+				n = size;
+				break;
+
+			default:
+				/* this should never happen */
+				qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINTERN, QSE_NULL);
+				n = -1;
+				break;
+		}
+
+		return n;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* handle the included source file - @include */
+		qse_ssize_t n;
+
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->name != QSE_NULL);
+		QSE_ASSERT (arg->handle != QSE_NULL);
+
+		n = qse_sio_putstrn (arg->handle, data, size);
+		if (n <= -1)
+		{
+			qse_cstr_t ea;
+			ea.ptr = (qse_char_t*)arg->name;
+			ea.len = qse_strlen(ea.ptr);
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOFIL, &ea);
+		}
+		return n;
+	}
+}
+
+static qse_ssize_t sf_out (
+	qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_cmd_t cmd, 
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg, qse_char_t* data, qse_size_t size)
+{
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	QSE_ASSERT (arg != QSE_NULL);
+
+	switch (cmd)
+	{
+		case QSE_XLI_IO_OPEN:
+			return sf_out_open (xli, arg, xtn);
+
+		case QSE_XLI_IO_CLOSE:
+			return sf_out_close (xli, arg, xtn);
+
+		case QSE_XLI_IO_WRITE:
+			return sf_out_write (xli, arg, data, size, xtn);
+
+		default:
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINTERN, QSE_NULL);
+			return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+int qse_xli_readstd (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_iostd_t* in)
+{
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	if (in == QSE_NULL || (in->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE && 
+	                       in->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR))
+	{
+		/* the input is a must. at least 1 file or 1 string 
+		 * must be specified */
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xtn->s.in.x = in;
+	return qse_xli_read(xli, sf_in);
+}
+
+
+int qse_xli_readinistd (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_iostd_t* in)
+{
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	if (in == QSE_NULL || (in->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE && 
+	                       in->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR))
+	{
+		/* the input is a must. at least 1 file or 1 string 
+		 * must be specified */
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xtn->s.in.x = in;
+	return qse_xli_readini(xli, sf_in);
+}
+
+int qse_xli_readjsonstd (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_iostd_t* in)
+{
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	if (in == QSE_NULL || (in->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE && 
+	                       in->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR))
+	{
+		/* the input is a must. at least 1 file or 1 string 
+		 * must be specified */
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xtn->s.in.x = in;
+	return qse_xli_readjson(xli, sf_in);
+}
+
+int qse_xli_writestd (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* root_list, qse_xli_iostd_t* out)
+{
+	int n;
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	if (out == QSE_NULL || (out->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE && 
+	                        out->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR))
+	{
+		/* the input is a must. at least 1 file or 1 string 
+		 * must be specified */
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xtn->s.out.x = out;
+	n = qse_xli_write (xli, root_list, sf_out);
+
+	if (out->type == QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR)
+	{
+		if (n >= 0)
+		{
+			QSE_ASSERT (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf != QSE_NULL);
+			qse_str_yield (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf, &out->u.str, 0);
+		}
+		if (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf) qse_str_close (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf);
+	}
+
+	return n;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_writeinistd (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* root_list, qse_xli_iostd_t* out)
+{
+	int n;
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	if (out == QSE_NULL || (out->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE && 
+	                        out->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR))
+	{
+		/* the input is a must. at least 1 file or 1 string 
+		 * must be specified */
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xtn->s.out.x = out;
+	n = qse_xli_writeini (xli, root_list, sf_out);
+
+	if (out->type == QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR)
+	{
+		if (n >= 0)
+		{
+			QSE_ASSERT (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf != QSE_NULL);
+			qse_str_yield (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf, &out->u.str, 0);
+		}
+		if (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf) qse_str_close (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf);
+	}
+
+	return n;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_writejsonstd (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* root_list, qse_xli_iostd_t* out)
+{
+	int n;
+	xtn_t* xtn = GET_XTN(xli);
+
+	if (out == QSE_NULL || (out->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_FILE && 
+	                        out->type != QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR))
+	{
+		/* the input is a must. at least 1 file or 1 string 
+		 * must be specified */
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xtn->s.out.x = out;
+	n = qse_xli_writejson (xli, root_list, sf_out);
+
+	if (out->type == QSE_XLI_IOSTD_STR)
+	{
+		if (n >= 0)
+		{
+			QSE_ASSERT (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf != QSE_NULL);
+			qse_str_yield (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf, &out->u.str, 0);
+		}
+		if (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf) qse_str_close (xtn->s.out.u.str.buf);
+	}
+
+	return n;
+}

lib/xli/write-ini.c

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+
+static int write_to_current_stream (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* ptr, qse_size_t len)
+{
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg;
+	qse_size_t i;
+
+	arg = xli->wio.inp;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+	{
+		if (arg->b.len + 1 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream (xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+		arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = ptr[i];
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_list (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* list, int depth)
+{
+	qse_xli_atom_t* curatom;
+
+	for (curatom = list->head; curatom; curatom = curatom->next)
+	{
+		switch (curatom->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_PAIR:
+			{
+				qse_xli_pair_t* pair = (qse_xli_pair_t*)curatom;
+
+				if (xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable && !xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable(xli, pair)) continue;
+
+				if (pair->tag)
+				{
+					/* the tag can't be written. so ignore it */
+					/* do nothing */
+				}
+
+				if (depth <= 0)
+				{
+					if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("["), 1) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream (xli, pair->key, qse_strlen(pair->key)) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("]\n"), 2) <= -1) return -1;
+				}
+				else
+				{
+					if (write_to_current_stream (xli, pair->key, qse_strlen(pair->key)) <= -1) return -1;
+				}
+
+				if (pair->alias) 
+				{
+					/* no alias is supported. so ignore it */
+					/* do nothing */
+				}
+
+				switch (pair->val->type)
+				{
+					case QSE_XLI_NIL:
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_TRUE:
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("true\n"), 5) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_FALSE:
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("false\n"), 6) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_STR:
+					{
+						qse_xli_str_t* str = (qse_xli_str_t*)pair->val;
+
+						if (depth > 0)
+						{
+							/* key = value is not supported at the top level */
+
+							if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("="), 1) <= -1) return -1;
+							while (1)
+							{
+								if (str->tag)
+								{
+									/* no string tag is supported. ignore it */
+									/* do nothing */
+								}
+							
+								if (write_to_current_stream (xli, str->ptr, str->len) <= -1) return -1;
+
+							#if 0
+								if (!str->next) break;
+
+								if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(", "), 2) <= -1) return -1;
+								str = str->next;
+							#else
+								/* no multi-segment string is supported. ignore it */
+								break;
+							#endif
+							}
+						}
+
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+					}
+
+					case QSE_XLI_LIST:
+						if (depth < 1)
+						{
+							if (write_list(xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val, depth + 1) <= -1 ||
+							    write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1) <= -1) return -1;
+						}
+						else
+						{
+							/* the ini format doesn't support deep nesting */
+							if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("={}\n"), 4) <= -1) return -1;
+						}
+						break;
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_TEXT:
+			{
+				const qse_char_t* str = ((qse_xli_text_t*)curatom)->ptr;
+
+				/* don't honor VERBATIM and DEINDENT flags */
+				if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T(";"), 1) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, str, qse_strlen(str)) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1) <= -1) return -1;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_FILE:
+				/* no file inclusion is supported by the ini-format. ignore it */
+				break;
+
+			case QSE_XLI_EOF:
+				/* no file inclusion is supported by the ini-format. so no EOF. ignore it */
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_writeini (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* root_list, qse_xli_io_impl_t io)
+{
+	int n;
+
+	if (io == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	QSE_MEMSET (&xli->wio, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(xli->wio));
+	xli->wio.impl = io;
+	xli->wio.inp = &xli->wio.top;
+
+	qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOERR, QSE_NULL);
+	qse_xli_clearwionames (xli);
+
+	/* open the top level stream */
+	if (qse_xli_openwstream (xli, QSE_NULL, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+
+	/* begin writing the root list */
+	n = write_list (xli, (root_list? root_list: &xli->root->list), 0);
+	
+	/* close all open streams. there should be only the
+	 * top-level stream here if there occurred no errors */
+	while (xli->wio.inp) qse_xli_closeactivewstream (xli, QSE_NULL);
+
+	return n;
+}

lib/xli/write-json.c

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+#include <qse/cmn/chr.h>
+
+typedef struct arg_data_t arg_data_t;
+struct arg_data_t
+{
+	int org_depth;
+};
+
+static int write_to_current_stream(qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* ptr, qse_size_t len, int escape)
+{
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg;
+	qse_size_t i;
+
+	arg = xli->wio.inp;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+	{
+
+		if (escape)
+		{
+			if (ptr[i] == QSE_T('\\') || ptr[i] == QSE_T('\"') || 
+			    ptr[i] == QSE_T('\b') || ptr[i] == QSE_T('\f') ||
+			    ptr[i] == QSE_T('\n') || ptr[i] == QSE_T('\r') || ptr[i] == QSE_T('\t'))
+			{
+				qse_char_t ac;
+				if (arg->b.len + 2 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream(xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+				arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = QSE_T('\\');
+				switch (ptr[i]) 
+				{
+					case QSE_T('\b'): ac = 'b'; break;
+					case QSE_T('\f'): ac = 'f'; break;
+					case QSE_T('\n'): ac = 'n'; break;
+					case QSE_T('\r'): ac = 'r'; break;
+					case QSE_T('\t'): ac = 't'; break;
+					default: ac = ptr[i]; break;
+				}
+				arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = ac;
+			}
+			else if (ptr[i] >= 0x00 && ptr[i] <= 0x1F)
+			{
+				qse_char_t tmp[5];
+				if (arg->b.len + 6 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream(xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+				arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = QSE_T('\\');
+				arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = QSE_T('u');
+				/* use 'tmp' to avoid null termination beyond the buffer end */
+				qse_strxfmt(tmp, QSE_COUNTOF(tmp), QSE_T("%04X"), ptr[i]); 
+				arg->b.len += qse_strcpy(&arg->b.buf[arg->b.len], tmp);
+			}
+			else
+			{
+				goto unescaped;
+			}
+		}
+		else
+		{
+		unescaped:
+			if (arg->b.len + 1 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream(xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+			arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = ptr[i];
+		}
+
+
+		/*
+		if (escape && (ptr[i] == QSE_T('\\') || ptr[i] == QSE_T('\"')))
+		{
+			if (arg->b.len + 2 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream(xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+			arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = QSE_T('\\');
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (arg->b.len + 1 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream(xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+		}
+		arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = ptr[i];
+		*/
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_indentation (qse_xli_t* xli, int depth)
+{
+	static const qse_char_t tabs[16] = 
+	{
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'),
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'),
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'),
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t')
+	};
+
+	if (depth <= QSE_COUNTOF(tabs))
+	{
+		if (write_to_current_stream(xli, tabs, depth, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		int i;
+		if (write_to_current_stream(xli, tabs, QSE_COUNTOF(tabs), 0) <= -1) return -1;
+		for (i = QSE_COUNTOF(tabs); i < depth; i++) 
+		{
+			if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\t"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int need_comma (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_atom_t* start)
+{
+	qse_xli_atom_t* cur;
+	for (cur = start; cur; cur = cur->next)
+	{
+		if (cur->type == QSE_XLI_PAIR) 
+		{
+			if (xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable && !xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable(xli, (qse_xli_pair_t*)cur)) continue;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		if (cur->type == QSE_XLI_EOF) return 0; /* if EOF encountered in the included file, i don't want a comma at the end of the file */
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_list (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* list, int depth)
+{
+	qse_xli_atom_t* curatom;
+
+	for (curatom = list->head; curatom; curatom = curatom->next)
+	{
+		switch (curatom->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_PAIR:
+			{
+				qse_xli_pair_t* pair = (qse_xli_pair_t*)curatom;
+
+				if (xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable && !xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable(xli, pair)) continue;
+
+				if (write_indentation(xli, depth) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if (!(list->flags & QSE_XLI_LIST_ARRAYED))
+				{
+					if (pair->tag)
+					{
+						/* ignore tag in the json format */
+					}
+
+					if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream(xli, pair->key, qse_strlen(pair->key), 1) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+
+					if (pair->alias) 
+					{
+						/* ignore alias in the json format */
+					}
+
+					if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T(": "), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				}
+
+				switch (pair->val->type)
+				{
+					case QSE_XLI_NIL:
+						if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("nil"), 3, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_TRUE:
+						if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("true"), 4, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_FALSE:
+						if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("false"), 5, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_STR:
+					{
+						qse_xli_str_t* str = (qse_xli_str_t*)pair->val;
+
+						/* ignore the string tag(str->tag) in the json format.
+						 * concatenate multi-segmented string into 1 seperated by a comma */
+						int quote_needed;
+
+						/* if the string value is a non-numeric string or
+						 * it is multi-segmented, quoting is needed */
+						quote_needed = !(str->flags & QSE_XLI_STR_NSTR) || str->next;
+
+						if (quote_needed && write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						while (1)
+						{
+							if (write_to_current_stream(xli, str->ptr, str->len, quote_needed) <= -1) return -1;
+							if (!str->next) break;
+							if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T(","), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+							str = str->next;
+						}
+
+						if (quote_needed && write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+					}
+
+					case QSE_XLI_LIST:
+					{
+						static qse_char_t* obrac[] =
+						{
+							QSE_T("{\n"),
+							QSE_T("[\n")
+						};
+						static qse_char_t* cbrac[] =
+						{
+							QSE_T("}"),
+							QSE_T("]")
+						};
+						qse_xli_list_t* lv = (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val;
+						if (write_to_current_stream(xli, obrac[lv->flags & QSE_XLI_LIST_ARRAYED], 2, 0) <= -1 ||
+						    write_list (xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val, depth + 1) <= -1 ||
+						    write_indentation (xli, depth) <= -1 ||
+						    write_to_current_stream(xli, cbrac[lv->flags & QSE_XLI_LIST_ARRAYED], 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+
+				if (need_comma(xli, curatom->next) && write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T(","), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_TEXT:
+			{
+				qse_xli_text_t* ta;
+				const qse_char_t* str;
+
+				ta = (qse_xli_text_t*)curatom;
+				str = ta->ptr;
+
+				if (write_indentation(xli, depth - !!(ta->flags & QSE_XLI_TEXT_DEINDENT)) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if ((!(ta->flags & QSE_XLI_TEXT_VERBATIM) && write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("#"), 1, 0) <= -1) ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, str, qse_strlen(str), 0) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_FILE:
+			{
+				const qse_char_t* path = ((qse_xli_file_t*)curatom)->path;
+
+				if (write_indentation(xli, depth) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("@include \""), 10, 0) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, path, qse_strlen(path), 1) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if (qse_xli_openwstream (xli, ((qse_xli_file_t*)curatom)->path, depth) <= -1) return -1;
+				depth = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_EOF:
+				if (qse_xli_closeactivewstream(xli, &depth) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if (need_comma(xli, curatom->next) && write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T(","), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				if (write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int have_opening_marker (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* list)
+{
+	qse_xli_atom_t* curatom;
+
+	for (curatom = list->head; curatom; curatom = curatom->next)
+	{
+		qse_xli_text_t* ta;
+		if (curatom->type != QSE_XLI_TEXT) break;
+		ta = (qse_xli_text_t*)curatom;
+		if (ta->flags & (QSE_XLI_TEXT_ARRAYED_LIST_OPENER | QSE_XLI_TEXT_LIST_OPENER)) return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_writejson (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* root_list, qse_xli_io_impl_t io)
+{
+	int n, marker;
+
+	if (io == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	QSE_MEMSET (&xli->wio, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(xli->wio));
+	xli->wio.impl = io;
+	xli->wio.inp = &xli->wio.top;
+
+	qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOERR, QSE_NULL);
+	qse_xli_clearwionames (xli);
+
+	/* open the top level stream */
+	if (qse_xli_openwstream (xli, QSE_NULL, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+
+	if (!root_list) root_list = &xli->root->list;
+
+	marker = have_opening_marker(xli, root_list);
+	if (!marker)
+	{
+		/* if the data has been loaded from a different format like xli or ini,
+		 * there are no opening and closing markers. so emit them manually */
+		if (write_to_current_stream(xli, ((root_list->flags & QSE_XLI_LIST_ARRAYED)? QSE_T("[\n"): QSE_T("{\n")), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* begin writing the root list */
+	n = write_list (xli, root_list, 1);
+
+	if (!marker)
+	{
+		if (write_to_current_stream(xli, ((root_list->flags & QSE_XLI_LIST_ARRAYED)? QSE_T("]\n"): QSE_T("}\n")), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* close all open streams. there should be only the
+	 * top-level stream here if there occurred no errors */
+	while (xli->wio.inp) qse_xli_closeactivewstream (xli, QSE_NULL);
+
+	return n;
+}
+
+

lib/xli/write.c

@@ -0,0 +1,424 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#include "xli-prv.h"
+#include <qse/cmn/chr.h>
+
+typedef struct arg_data_t arg_data_t;
+struct arg_data_t
+{
+	int org_depth;
+};
+
+int qse_xli_flushwstream (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg)
+{
+	qse_ssize_t n;
+
+	while (arg->b.pos < arg->b.len)
+	{
+		n = xli->wio.impl (xli, QSE_XLI_IO_WRITE, xli->wio.inp, &arg->b.buf[arg->b.pos], arg->b.len - arg->b.pos);
+		if (n <= -1)
+		{
+			if (xli->errnum == QSE_XLI_ENOERR) 
+				qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOUSR, QSE_NULL);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		arg->b.pos += n;
+	}
+
+	arg->b.pos = 0;
+	arg->b.len = 0;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_openwstream (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* path, int old_depth)
+{
+	qse_ssize_t n;
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg;
+
+	if (path == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		/* top-level */
+		arg = &xli->wio.top;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		qse_link_t* link;
+		qse_size_t plen;
+		arg_data_t* arg_data;
+
+		plen = qse_strlen (path);
+
+		link = (qse_link_t*) qse_xli_callocmem (xli, 
+			QSE_SIZEOF(*link) + QSE_SIZEOF(qse_char_t) * (plen + 1));
+		if (link == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+
+		qse_strcpy ((qse_char_t*)(link + 1), path);
+		link->link = xli->wio_names;
+		xli->wio_names = link;
+
+		arg = (qse_xli_io_arg_t*) qse_xli_callocmem (xli, QSE_SIZEOF(*arg) + QSE_SIZEOF(*arg_data));
+		if (arg == QSE_NULL) return -1;
+
+		arg_data = (arg_data_t*)(arg + 1);
+		arg_data->org_depth = old_depth;
+
+		arg->name = (const qse_char_t*)(link + 1);
+		arg->prev = xli->wio.inp;
+	}
+
+	n = xli->wio.impl (xli, QSE_XLI_IO_OPEN, arg, QSE_NULL, 0);
+	if (n <= -1)
+	{
+		if (xli->errnum == QSE_XLI_ENOERR)
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOUSR, QSE_NULL); 
+		if (arg != &xli->wio.top) 
+		{
+			qse_xli_freemem (xli, arg);
+			/* don't clean up 'link' since it's linked to xli->wio_names */
+		}
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xli->wio.inp = arg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int qse_xli_closeactivewstream (qse_xli_t* xli, int* org_depth)
+{
+	qse_ssize_t n;
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg;
+
+	arg = xli->wio.inp;
+
+	qse_xli_flushwstream (xli, arg); /* TODO: do i have to care about the result? */
+
+	n = xli->wio.impl (xli, QSE_XLI_IO_CLOSE, arg, QSE_NULL, 0);
+	if (n <= -1)
+	{
+		if (xli->errnum == QSE_XLI_ENOERR) 
+			qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EIOUSR, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	xli->wio.inp = arg->prev;
+	if (arg == &xli->wio.top)
+	{
+		if (org_depth) *org_depth = 0;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		if (org_depth) *org_depth = ((arg_data_t*)(arg + 1))->org_depth;
+		qse_xli_freemem (xli, arg);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_to_current_stream (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* ptr, qse_size_t len, int escape)
+{
+	qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg;
+	qse_size_t i;
+
+	arg = xli->wio.inp;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
+	{
+		if (escape && (ptr[i] == QSE_T('\\') || ptr[i] == QSE_T('\"')))
+		{
+			if (arg->b.len + 2 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream (xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+			arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = QSE_T('\\');
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (arg->b.len + 1 > QSE_COUNTOF(arg->b.buf) && qse_xli_flushwstream (xli, arg) <= -1) return -1;
+		}
+		arg->b.buf[arg->b.len++] = ptr[i];
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_indentation (qse_xli_t* xli, int depth)
+{
+	static const qse_char_t tabs[16] = 
+	{
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'),
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'),
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'),
+		QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t'), QSE_T('\t')
+	};
+
+	if (depth <= QSE_COUNTOF(tabs))
+	{
+		if (write_to_current_stream (xli, tabs, depth, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		int i;
+		if (write_to_current_stream (xli, tabs, QSE_COUNTOF(tabs), 0) <= -1) return -1;
+		for (i = QSE_COUNTOF(tabs); i < depth; i++) 
+		{
+			if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\t"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int key_needs_quoting (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* str, int nstr)
+{
+	/* this determines if a key or an alias requires quoting for output.
+	 * NSTR is not taken into account because it's only allowed as a value */
+
+	/* refer to the tokenization rule in get_token_into() in read.c */
+	qse_char_t c;
+
+	c = *str++;
+	if (c == QSE_T('\0')) return 1; /* an empty string requires a quoting */
+
+	if (c == QSE_T('_') || QSE_ISALPHA(c) || (!nstr && (xli->opt.trait & QSE_XLI_LEADDIGIT) && QSE_ISDIGIT(c)))
+	{
+		int lead_digit = QSE_ISDIGIT(c);
+		int all_digits = 1;
+
+		/* a normal identifier can be composed of wider varieties of 
+		 * characters than a keyword/directive */
+		while (1)
+		{
+			c = *str++;
+			if (c == QSE_T('\0')) break;
+
+			if (c == QSE_T('_') || c == QSE_T('-') || c == QSE_T(':') || 
+			    c == QSE_T('*') || c == QSE_T('/') || QSE_ISALPHA(c)) 
+			{
+				all_digits = 0;
+			}
+			else if (QSE_ISDIGIT(c)) 
+			{
+				/* nothing to do */
+			}
+			else 
+			{
+				/* a disallowed character for an identifier */
+				return 1; /* quote it */
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (lead_digit && all_digits)
+		{
+			/* if an identifier begins with a digit, it must contain a non-digit character */
+			/* in fact, it is not a valid identifer. so quote it */
+			return 1;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			/* this must be a normal identifer */
+			return 0; /* no quoting needed */
+		}
+	}
+	else if (nstr && QSE_ISDIGIT(c))
+	{
+		do 
+		{
+			c = *str++;
+			if (c == QSE_T('\0')) return 0; /* it's a numeric string */
+		}
+		while (QSE_ISDIGIT(c));
+	}
+
+	/* quote all the rest */
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int write_list (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* list, int depth)
+{
+	qse_xli_atom_t* curatom;
+
+	for (curatom = list->head; curatom; curatom = curatom->next)
+	{
+		int quote_key = 0;
+
+		switch (curatom->type)
+		{
+			case QSE_XLI_PAIR:
+			{
+				qse_xli_pair_t* pair = (qse_xli_pair_t*)curatom;
+
+				if (xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable && !xli->opt.cbs.pair_writable(xli, pair)) continue;
+
+				if (write_indentation (xli, depth) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if (pair->tag)
+				{
+					if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("["), 1, 0) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream (xli, pair->tag, qse_strlen(pair->tag), 0) <= -1 || 
+					    write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("]"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				}
+
+				if (key_needs_quoting(xli, pair->key, 0)) quote_key = 1;
+
+				if ((quote_key && write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) || 
+				    write_to_current_stream (xli, pair->key, qse_strlen(pair->key), 0) <= -1 ||
+				    (quote_key && write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1)) return -1;
+
+				if (pair->alias) 
+				{
+					if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(" \""), 2, 0) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream (xli, pair->alias, qse_strlen(pair->alias), 1) <= -1 ||
+					    write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				}
+
+				switch (pair->val->type)
+				{
+					case QSE_XLI_NIL:
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(";\n"), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_TRUE:
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(" = true;\n"), 9, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_FALSE:
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(" = false;\n"), 10, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+
+					case QSE_XLI_STR:
+					{
+						qse_xli_str_t* str = (qse_xli_str_t*)pair->val;
+
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(" = "), 3, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						while (1)
+						{
+							if (str->tag)
+							{
+								if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("["), 1, 0) <= -1 ||
+								    write_to_current_stream (xli, str->tag, qse_strlen(str->tag), 0) <= -1 || 
+								    write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("]"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+							}
+
+							if ((!(str->flags & QSE_XLI_STR_NSTR) && 
+							     write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1) ||
+							    write_to_current_stream (xli, str->ptr, str->len, 1) <= -1 ||
+							    (!(str->flags & QSE_XLI_STR_NSTR) && 
+							     write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("\""), 1, 0) <= -1)) return -1;
+							if (!str->next) break;
+
+							if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(", "), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+							str = str->next;
+						}
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(";\n"), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+					}
+
+					case QSE_XLI_LIST:
+					{
+						if (write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T(" {\n"), 3, 0) <= -1 ||
+						    write_list (xli, (qse_xli_list_t*)pair->val, depth + 1) <= -1 ||
+						    write_indentation (xli, depth) <= -1 ||
+						    write_to_current_stream (xli, QSE_T("}\n"), 2, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+						break;
+					}
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_TEXT:
+			{
+				const qse_char_t* str = ((qse_xli_text_t*)curatom)->ptr;
+
+				/* don't honor VERBATIM and DEINDENT flags */
+				if (write_indentation(xli, depth) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("#"), 1, 0) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, str, qse_strlen(str), 0) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\n"), 1, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_FILE:
+			{
+				const qse_char_t* path = ((qse_xli_file_t*)curatom)->path;
+
+				if (write_indentation(xli, depth) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("@include \""), 10, 0) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, path, qse_strlen(path), 1) <= -1 ||
+				    write_to_current_stream(xli, QSE_T("\";\n"), 3, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+
+				if (qse_xli_openwstream(xli, ((qse_xli_file_t*)curatom)->path, depth) <= -1) return -1;
+				depth = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			case QSE_XLI_EOF:
+				if (qse_xli_closeactivewstream (xli, &depth) <= -1) return -1;
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void qse_xli_clearwionames (qse_xli_t* xli)
+{
+	qse_link_t* cur;
+	while (xli->wio_names)
+	{
+		cur = xli->wio_names;
+		xli->wio_names = cur->link;
+		qse_xli_freemem (xli, cur);
+	}
+}
+
+int qse_xli_write (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* root_list, qse_xli_io_impl_t io)
+{
+	int n;
+
+	if (io == QSE_NULL)
+	{
+		qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_EINVAL, QSE_NULL);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	QSE_MEMSET (&xli->wio, 0, QSE_SIZEOF(xli->wio));
+	xli->wio.impl = io;
+	xli->wio.inp = &xli->wio.top;
+
+	qse_xli_seterrnum (xli, QSE_XLI_ENOERR, QSE_NULL);
+	qse_xli_clearwionames (xli);
+
+	/* open the top level stream */
+	if (qse_xli_openwstream (xli, QSE_NULL, 0) <= -1) return -1;
+
+	/* begin writing the root list */
+	n = write_list (xli, (root_list? root_list: &xli->root->list), 0);
+
+	/* close all open streams. there should be only the
+	 * top-level stream here if there occurred no errors */
+	while (xli->wio.inp) qse_xli_closeactivewstream (xli, QSE_NULL);
+
+	return n;
+}
+

lib/xli/xli-prv.h

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+/*
+ * $Id$
+ *
+    Copyright (c) 2006-2019 Chung, Hyung-Hwan. All rights reserved.
+
+    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+    are met:
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR
+    IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
+    OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+    IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
+    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
+    NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+    DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+    THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+    (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
+    THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _QSE_LIB_XLI_XLI_H_
+#define _QSE_LIB_XLI_XLI_H_
+
+#include <qse/xli/xli.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/str.h>
+#include <qse/cmn/rbt.h>
+#include "../cmn/mem-prv.h"
+
+enum qse_xli_tok_type_t
+{
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_EOF,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_XINCLUDE,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_TRUE,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_FALSE,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_NIL,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_COLON,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_SEMICOLON,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_LBRACE,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_RBRACE,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_LBRACK,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_RBRACK,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_LPAREN,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_RPAREN,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_EQ,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_COMMA,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_DQSTR,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_SQSTR,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_NSTR,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_IDENT,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_TEXT,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_TAG,
+	QSE_XLI_TOK_NL
+};
+
+typedef enum qse_xli_tok_type_t qse_xli_tok_type_t;
+
+typedef struct qse_xli_tok_t qse_xli_tok_t;
+
+struct qse_xli_tok_t
+{
+	qse_xli_tok_type_t type;
+	qse_str_t*         name;
+	qse_xli_loc_t      loc;
+};
+
+typedef struct qse_xli_list_link_t qse_xli_list_link_t;
+
+struct qse_xli_list_link_t
+{
+	qse_xli_list_link_t* next;
+	qse_xli_list_t* list;
+};
+
+typedef struct qse_xli_root_list_t qse_xli_root_list_t;
+
+struct qse_xli_root_list_t
+{
+	qse_xli_list_t list;
+	qse_xli_nil_t xnil;
+	qse_xli_true_t xtrue;
+	qse_xli_false_t xfalse;
+	qse_mmgr_t* mmgr;
+};
+
+struct qse_xli_t
+{
+	QSE_XLI_HDR;
+
+	qse_xli_errstr_t errstr; /**< error string getter */
+	qse_xli_errnum_t errnum; /**< stores an error number */
+	qse_char_t errmsg[128];  /**< error message holder */
+	qse_xli_loc_t errloc;    /**< location of the last error */
+
+	struct
+	{
+		int trait;          
+		qse_size_t pair_xtnsize;
+		qse_size_t root_xtnsize;
+		qse_char_t key_splitter; /**< character to use to split a key in the fqpn format */
+		qse_xli_cbs_t cbs;
+
+		int (*strcmp) (const qse_char_t* s1, const qse_char_t* s2);
+		int (*strxcmp) (const qse_char_t* s1, qse_size_t len1, const qse_char_t* s2);
+	} opt;
+
+	qse_xli_ecb_t* ecb;
+
+	qse_xli_root_list_t* root;
+	qse_xli_list_link_t* parlink; /* internal use only - link that points to the list being read currently */
+
+	qse_str_t* dotted_curkey;
+	qse_rbt_t* schema;
+
+	qse_xli_tok_t tok;
+	int tok_status;
+	struct
+	{
+		qse_xli_io_impl_t impl; /* input handler */
+		qse_xli_io_lxc_t  last;
+		qse_xli_io_arg_t  top; /* for top level */
+		qse_xli_io_arg_t* inp; /* current */
+	} rio;
+	qse_link_t* rio_names;
+
+	struct 
+	{
+		qse_xli_io_impl_t impl; /* output handler */
+		qse_xli_io_arg_t  top; /* for top level */
+		qse_xli_io_arg_t* inp; /* current */
+	} wio;
+	qse_link_t* wio_names;
+};
+
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+int qse_xli_init (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_mmgr_t* mmgr, qse_size_t rootxtnsize);
+
+void qse_xli_fini (qse_xli_t* xli);
+
+const qse_char_t* qse_xli_dflerrstr (
+     const qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_errnum_t errnum);
+
+void qse_xli_clearrionames (qse_xli_t* xli);
+void qse_xli_clearwionames (qse_xli_t* xli);
+
+int qse_xli_getchar (qse_xli_t* xli);
+int qse_xli_openrstream (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg);
+int qse_xli_closeactiverstream (qse_xli_t* xli);
+
+int qse_xli_openwstream (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_char_t* path, int old_depth);
+int qse_xli_closeactivewstream (qse_xli_t* xli, int* org_depth);
+int qse_xli_flushwstream (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_io_arg_t* arg);
+
+qse_xli_list_link_t* qse_xli_makelistlink (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_t* parlist);
+void qse_xli_freelistlink (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_list_link_t* link);
+
+
+qse_xli_str_t* qse_xli_makestrval (qse_xli_t* xli, const qse_cstr_t* value, const qse_char_t* strtag);
+qse_xli_list_t* qse_xli_makelistval (qse_xli_t* xli);
+void qse_xli_freeval (qse_xli_t* xli, qse_xli_val_t* val);
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+
+
+
+#endif