Top-level elements
- #include
- #pragma
- class
- interface
- pooldic
Comments
#! comment text
// comment text
/* comment text */
Literal notations
-
200 decimal integer
-
2r1100 binary integer
-
16rFF00 hexadecimal integer
-
20p9999.99 fixed-point decimal where 20 is the number of digits after the point
-
999.9 fixed-point decimal
-
$X character
-
C'X' -> charcter??
-
C"X" -> character??
-
'XXXX' string literal
-
"XXXX" string litearl with escaping
-
B'XXXXXX' -> byte array literal
-
B"XXXXX" -> byte array literal with escaping
-
#XXXX symbol
-
#'XXXX' quoted symbol
-
#"XXXX" quoted symbol with escaping
-
#\e123 Error literal
-
#\pB8000000 SmallPointer(smptr) literal
-
#() Array. Comma as element delimiter is optional
-
#[] ByteArray. Comma as element delimiter is optional
-
#{} Dictionary - not supported yet
The following are not literals. The followings forms expressions.
-
##() Array expression. Comma required to delimit elements
-
##[] ByteArray expression. Comma required to delimit elements
-
##{} Dictionary expression. Comma required to delimit elements
-
S%[] String literal with each character specified ** S%{A B C '\n'}
-
S%{} String with dynamic expression
-
S%{ 65 asCharacter, 64 asCharacter }
Class
class MyClass(Object)
{
method show: this
{
}
}
Flow Control
k := if (i < 20) { 30 } else { 40 }.
if (a < 10) { ... }
elsif (a < 20) { ... }
else { ... }.
while (true)
{
}.
until (a > b)
{
}.
do
{
} while (a > b).
do
{
} until (a > b).
[a > b] whileTrue: [ ... ].
[a > b] whileFalse: [ ... ].
1 to: 20 do: [:count | ... ].
1 to: 10 by: 3 do: [:count | ... ].
30 timesRepeat: [ ... ].
Exception handling
Exception signal. Exception signal: "message".
[ ... ] on: Exception do: [:ex | ... ].
ex retry. ex resume. ex resume: value. ex return: value.
goto
goto jump_label.
jump_label::
a + b;
useful to make a block return can i deprecate the ^^ operator?
[ 1 + 2. goto r. 3 + 4. r::]
goto must not cross the boundary of the block context.
this is invalid. cannot jump into a block from outside
and vice versa.
goto x.
[ x::
1 + 2 ].
Type checking
Type checking not implemented yet.
class SampleClass(Object)
{
method run => Integer
{
}
method execute((Integer)a,(Integer)b) => Integer
{
}
method handle: (Object)this with: (a Integer)care => Integer
{
}
}
TODO: How to specify return type of a block? or How to specify parameter type to a block? How to evaluate a block type-safely?
[ :(Integer)a :(Integer)b => Integer |
| (Integer)c (Integer)d }
a + b
] with: 20 with: 10
the method value is a variadic method. and it is a primitive.
[ :a :b | a + b ](1, 20) <---- syntax sugar for [:a :b | a + b] value(1, 20).
[:(Integer)a :(Integer)b => Integer | a + b ] value("kkkk", 20)
-> the first argument violates the expected type.
-> argument types to a method is defined in the method signature.
-> but the block argument types are specified in the block itself.
-> so it doesn't seem natural to achieve type safety without treating 'value' specially.
-> create a shorthand expression for 'value' [:(Integer)a :(Integer)b => (Integer) | a + b ](1, 2)
-> ] followed by ( ===> shorthand expression for value.
-> it looks more sensible to treat this () specially
what looks better as a shorthand expression for block value?
[ :a :b | a + b ](10, 20)
[ 10 + 20 ]() // no arguments
[ :a :b | a + b ]->(10, 20). // -> cannot form a valid binary selector. must exclude it from binary selector patterns
[ 10 + 20 ]->() // if no arugments are required.
continuation?
| a |
a->()? block value?
| (Block)a |
a->()? block value?