diff --git a/lib/comp.c b/lib/comp.c
index 36a5833..9b9f2c1 100644
--- a/lib/comp.c
+++ b/lib/comp.c
@@ -488,7 +488,8 @@ static int check_block_expression_as_body (hcl_t* hcl, hcl_cnode_t* c, const hcl
 
 	/* there are special words that can't start a new expression */
 	if (HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_ELIF) ||
-	    HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_ELSE))
+	    HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_ELSE) ||
+	    HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_CATCH))
 	{
 		goto no_block;
 	}
@@ -522,6 +523,7 @@ static int check_block_expression_as_body (hcl_t* hcl, hcl_cnode_t* c, const hcl
 			}
 			else if (for_what == FOR_TRY)
 			{
+				if (HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(nxt, HCL_CNODE_CATCH)) goto ok;
 				if (HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL(nxt))
 				{
 					int syncode = HCL_CNODE_SYMBOL_SYNCODE(nxt);
@@ -3473,7 +3475,7 @@ static int compile_try (hcl_t* hcl, hcl_cnode_t* src)
 
 	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_CONS(src));
 
-	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_SYNCODE_TRY));
+	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_SYNCODE_TRY) || HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_CNODE_TRY));
 
 	/* (try
 	 *   (perform this)
@@ -3571,7 +3573,7 @@ static HCL_INLINE int compile_catch (hcl_t* hcl)
 
 	src = cf->operand;
 	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_CONS(src));
-	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_SYNCODE_CATCH));
+	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_SYNCODE_CATCH) || HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_CNODE_CATCH));
 
 	cmd = HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src);
 	obj = HCL_CNODE_CONS_CDR(src);
@@ -3704,7 +3706,7 @@ static int compile_throw (hcl_t* hcl, hcl_cnode_t* src)
 	/*hcl_cframe_t* cf;*/
 
 	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_CONS(src));
-	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_SYNCODE_THROW));
+	HCL_ASSERT (hcl, HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_SYNCODE_THROW) || HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(HCL_CNODE_CONS_CAR(src), HCL_CNODE_THROW));
 
 	obj = HCL_CNODE_CONS_CDR(src);
 
@@ -3913,6 +3915,19 @@ static int compile_cons_xlist_expression (hcl_t* hcl, hcl_cnode_t* obj, int nret
 		hcl_setsynerrbfmt (hcl, HCL_SYNERR_ELIF, HCL_CNODE_GET_LOC(car), HCL_CNODE_GET_TOK(car), "elif without if");
 		return -1;
 	}
+	else if (HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_THROW))
+	{
+		if (compile_throw(hcl, obj) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+	else if (HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_TRY))
+	{
+		if (compile_try(hcl, obj) <= -1) return -1;
+	}
+	else if (HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_CATCH))
+	{
+		hcl_setsynerrbfmt (hcl, HCL_SYNERR_CATCH, HCL_CNODE_GET_LOC(car), HCL_CNODE_GET_TOK(car), "catch without try");
+		return -1;
+	}
 	else if (HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL(car) && (syncode = HCL_CNODE_SYMBOL_SYNCODE(car)))
 	{
 		if (nrets > 0)
@@ -4971,7 +4986,7 @@ static int compile_object_list (hcl_t* hcl)
 		}
 		else if (cop == COP_COMPILE_TRY_OBJECT_LIST || cop == COP_COMPILE_TRY_OBJECT_LIST_TAIL)
 		{
-			if (HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(car, HCL_SYNCODE_CATCH))
+			if (HCL_CNODE_IS_SYMBOL_SYNCODED(car, HCL_SYNCODE_CATCH) || HCL_CNODE_IS_TYPED(car, HCL_CNODE_CATCH))
 			{
 				SWITCH_TOP_CFRAME (hcl, COP_COMPILE_CATCH, oprnd);
 				goto done;
diff --git a/lib/hcl-prv.h b/lib/hcl-prv.h
index 701ad9e..e30cc1a 100644
--- a/lib/hcl-prv.h
+++ b/lib/hcl-prv.h
@@ -304,6 +304,9 @@ enum hcl_tok_type_t
 	HCL_TOK_IF,
 	HCL_TOK_ELIF,
 	HCL_TOK_ELSE,
+	HCL_TOK_THROW,
+	HCL_TOK_TRY,
+	HCL_TOK_CATCH,
 
 	HCL_TOK_BINOP,
 	HCL_TOK_IDENT,
@@ -388,6 +391,9 @@ enum hcl_cnode_type_t
 	HCL_CNODE_IF,
 	HCL_CNODE_ELIF,
 	HCL_CNODE_ELSE,
+	HCL_CNODE_THROW,
+	HCL_CNODE_TRY,
+	HCL_CNODE_CATCH,
 
 	HCL_CNODE_ELLIPSIS,
 	HCL_CNODE_TRPCOLONS,
diff --git a/lib/read.c b/lib/read.c
index bd7e0cd..73dbe4c 100644
--- a/lib/read.c
+++ b/lib/read.c
@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@ static struct voca_t
 	{  2, { 'i','f'                                                       } },
 	{  4, { 'e','l','i','f'                                               } },
 	{  4, { 'e','l','s','e'                                               } },
+	{  5, { 't','h','r','o','w'                                           } },
+	{  3, { 't','r','y'                                                   } },
+	{  5, { 'c','a','t','c','h'                                           } },
 
 	{  3, { 's','e','t'                                                   } },
 	{  5, { 's','e','t','-','r'                                           } },
@@ -107,6 +110,9 @@ enum voca_id_t
 	VOCA_KW_IF,
 	VOCA_KW_ELIF,
 	VOCA_KW_ELSE,
+	VOCA_KW_THROW,
+	VOCA_KW_TRY,
+	VOCA_KW_CATCH,
 
 	VOCA_SYM_SET,
 	VOCA_SYM_SET_R,
@@ -419,7 +425,10 @@ static hcl_tok_type_t classify_ident_token (hcl_t* hcl, const hcl_oocs_t* v)
 
 		{ VOCA_KW_IF,    HCL_TOK_IF     },
 		{ VOCA_KW_ELIF,  HCL_TOK_ELIF   },
-		{ VOCA_KW_ELSE,  HCL_TOK_ELSE   }
+		{ VOCA_KW_ELSE,  HCL_TOK_ELSE   },
+		{ VOCA_KW_THROW, HCL_TOK_THROW  },
+		{ VOCA_KW_TRY,   HCL_TOK_TRY    },
+		{ VOCA_KW_CATCH, HCL_TOK_CATCH  }
 	};
 
 	for (i = 0; i < HCL_COUNTOF(tab); i++)
@@ -1239,6 +1248,9 @@ static hcl_cnode_type_t kw_to_cnode_type (int tok_type)
 		HCL_CNODE_IF,
 		HCL_CNODE_ELIF,
 		HCL_CNODE_ELSE,
+		HCL_CNODE_THROW,
+		HCL_CNODE_TRY,
+		HCL_CNODE_CATCH,
 	};
 
 	return mapping[tok_type - HCL_TOK_NIL];
@@ -1648,6 +1660,9 @@ static int feed_process_token (hcl_t* hcl)
 		case HCL_TOK_IF:
 		case HCL_TOK_ELIF:
 		case HCL_TOK_ELSE:
+		case HCL_TOK_THROW:
+		case HCL_TOK_TRY:
+		case HCL_TOK_CATCH:
 			frd->obj = hcl_makecnode(hcl, kw_to_cnode_type(TOKEN_TYPE(hcl)), 0, TOKEN_LOC(hcl), TOKEN_NAME(hcl));
 			goto auto_xlist;