diff --git a/hawk/lib/Hawk.cpp b/hawk/lib/Hawk.cpp
index f1d53c5b..d6cf468f 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/Hawk.cpp
+++ b/hawk/lib/Hawk.cpp
@@ -1338,13 +1338,15 @@ Hawk::Hawk (Mmgr* mmgr):
 {
 	HAWK_MEMSET (&errinf, 0, HAWK_SIZEOF(errinf));
 	errinf.num = HAWK_ENOERR;
+
+	this->_cmgr = hawk_get_cmgr_by_id(HAWK_CMGR_UTF8);
 }
 
 const hawk_ooch_t* Hawk::getErrorString (hawk_errnum_t num) const 
 {
 	HAWK_ASSERT (awk != HAWK_NULL);
 	HAWK_ASSERT (this->dflerrstr != HAWK_NULL);
-	return this->dflerrstr(this->hawk, num);
+	return this->dflerrstr(num);
 }
 
 const hawk_ooch_t* Hawk::xerrstr (hawk_t* a, hawk_errnum_t num) 
@@ -1376,7 +1378,7 @@ const hawk_uch_t* Hawk::getErrorLocationFileU () const
 	if (!this->errinf.loc.file) return HAWK_NULL;
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 	wcslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(this->xerrlocfile);
-	hawk_conv_bcstr_to_ucstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.loc.file, &mbslen, hawk->xerrlocfile, &wcslen, hawk_getcmgr(this->hawk), 1);
+	hawk_conv_bcstr_to_ucstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.loc.file, &mbslen, hawk->xerrlocfile, &wcslen, this->getCmgr(), 1);
 	return hawk->xerrlocfile;
 #endif
 }
@@ -1387,7 +1389,7 @@ const hawk_bch_t* Hawk::getErrorLocationFileB () const
 	if (!this->errinf.loc.file) return HAWK_NULL;
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 	mbslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(this->xerrlocfile);
-	hawk_conv_ucstr_to_bcstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.loc.file, &wcslen, this->xerrlocfile, &mbslen, hawk_getcmgr(this->hawk));
+	hawk_conv_ucstr_to_bcstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.loc.file, &wcslen, this->xerrlocfile, &mbslen, this->getCmgr());
 	return this->xerrlocfile;
 #else
 	return this->errinf.loc.file;
@@ -1406,7 +1408,7 @@ const hawk_uch_t* Hawk::getErrorMessageU () const
 #else
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 	wcslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(this->xerrmsg);
-	hawk_conv_bcstr_to_ucstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.msg, &mbslen, this->xerrmsg, &wcslen, hawk_getcmgr(this->hawk), 1);
+	hawk_conv_bcstr_to_ucstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.msg, &mbslen, this->xerrmsg, &wcslen, this->getCmgr(), 1);
 	return this->xerrmsg;
 #endif
 }
@@ -1416,7 +1418,7 @@ const hawk_bch_t* Hawk::getErrorMessageB () const
 #if defined(HAWK_OOCH_IS_UCH)
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 	mbslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(this->xerrmsg);
-	hawk_conv_ucstr_to_bcstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.msg, &wcslen, this->xerrmsg, &mbslen, hawk_getcmgr(this->hawk));
+	hawk_conv_ucstr_to_bcstr_with_cmgr (this->errinf.msg, &wcslen, this->xerrmsg, &mbslen, this->getCmgr());
 	return this->xerrmsg;
 #else
 	return this->errinf.msg;
@@ -1435,7 +1437,7 @@ void Hawk::setError (hawk_errnum_t code, const hawk_loc_t* loc)
 		HAWK_MEMSET (&this->errinf, 0, HAWK_SIZEOF(this->errinf));
 		this->errinf.num = code;
 		if (loc != HAWK_NULL) this->errinf.loc = *loc;
-		hawk_copy_oocstr (this->errinf.msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(this->errinf.msg), HAWK_T("not ready to set an error message"));
+		hawk_copy_oocstr (this->errinf.msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(this->errinf.msg), hawk_dfl_errstr(code));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1454,7 +1456,7 @@ void Hawk::formatError (hawk_errnum_t code, const hawk_loc_t* loc, const hawk_bc
 		HAWK_MEMSET (&this->errinf, 0, HAWK_SIZEOF(this->errinf));
 		this->errinf.num = code;
 		if (loc != HAWK_NULL) this->errinf.loc = *loc;
-		hawk_copy_oocstr (this->errinf.msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(this->errinf.msg), HAWK_T("not ready to set an error message"));
+		hawk_copy_oocstr (this->errinf.msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(this->errinf.msg), hawk_dfl_errstr(code));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1531,7 +1533,7 @@ int Hawk::open ()
 	prm.modgetsym = Hawk::modgetsym;
 
 	hawk_errnum_t errnum;
-	this->hawk = hawk_open(this->getMmgr(), HAWK_SIZEOF(xtn_t), hawk_get_cmgr_by_id(HAWK_CMGR_UTF8), &prm, &errnum);
+	this->hawk = hawk_open(this->getMmgr(), HAWK_SIZEOF(xtn_t), this->getCmgr(), &prm, &errnum);
 	if (!this->hawk)
 	{
 		this->setError (errnum);
@@ -1616,7 +1618,7 @@ void Hawk::close ()
 
 hawk_cmgr_t* Hawk::getCmgr () const
 {
-	if (!this->hawk) return HAWK_NULL;
+	if (!this->hawk) return this->_cmgr;
 	return hawk_getcmgr(this->hawk);
 }
 
diff --git a/hawk/lib/Hawk.hpp b/hawk/lib/Hawk.hpp
index 95fc1abe..73e7befd 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/Hawk.hpp
+++ b/hawk/lib/Hawk.hpp
@@ -1741,7 +1741,7 @@ protected:
 	static void* modgetsym (hawk_t* awk, void* handle, const hawk_ooch_t* name);
 
 public:
-	// use this with care
+	// use these with care
 	hawk_t* getHandle() const { return this->hawk; }
 
 protected:
@@ -1797,6 +1797,7 @@ protected:
 	xstrs_t runarg;
 
 private:
+	hawk_cmgr_t* _cmgr;
 	Run runctx;
 
 	int init_runctx ();
diff --git a/hawk/lib/HawkStd.hpp b/hawk/lib/HawkStd.hpp
index 3da3cf5d..2c7b5724 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/HawkStd.hpp
+++ b/hawk/lib/HawkStd.hpp
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public:
 		const hawk_ooch_t* ptr;
 	};
 
-	HawkStd (Mmgr* mmgr = HAWK_NULL): Hawk(mmgr), stdmod_up(false), console_cmgr(HAWK_NULL) 
+	HawkStd (Mmgr* mmgr = HAWK_NULL): Hawk(mmgr), cmgrtab_inited(false), stdmod_up(false), console_cmgr(HAWK_NULL) 
 	{
 	}
 
diff --git a/hawk/lib/err-prv.h b/hawk/lib/err-prv.h
index 5cb8e039..3de0a193 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/err-prv.h
+++ b/hawk/lib/err-prv.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 extern "C" {
 #endif
 
-const hawk_ooch_t* hawk_dflerrstr (hawk_t* awk, hawk_errnum_t errnum);
+const hawk_ooch_t* hawk_dfl_errstr (hawk_errnum_t errnum);
 
 hawk_errnum_t hawk_syserr_to_errnum (hawk_intptr_t e);
 
diff --git a/hawk/lib/err.c b/hawk/lib/err.c
index 9e5dc14e..ac943e14 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/err.c
+++ b/hawk/lib/err.c
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 static hawk_loc_t _nullloc = { 0, 0, HAWK_NULL };
 
-const hawk_ooch_t* hawk_dflerrstr (hawk_t* awk, hawk_errnum_t errnum)
+const hawk_ooch_t* hawk_dfl_errstr (hawk_errnum_t errnum)
 {
 	static const hawk_ooch_t* errstr[] =
  	{
@@ -199,12 +199,12 @@ const hawk_loc_t* hawk_geterrloc (hawk_t* hawk)
 const hawk_bch_t* hawk_geterrbmsg (hawk_t* hawk)
 {
 #if defined(HAWK_OOCH_IS_BCH)
-	return (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk, hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
+	return (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
 #else
 	const hawk_ooch_t* msg;
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 
-	msg = (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk, hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
+	msg = (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
 
 	mbslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(hawk->xerrmsg);
 	hawk_conv_ucstr_to_bcstr_with_cmgr (msg, &wcslen, hawk->xerrmsg, &mbslen, hawk_getcmgr(hawk));
@@ -219,14 +219,14 @@ const hawk_uch_t* hawk_geterrumsg (hawk_t* hawk)
 	const hawk_ooch_t* msg;
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 
-	msg = (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk, hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
+	msg = (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
 
 	wcslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(hawk->xerrmsg);
 	hawk_conv_bcstr_to_ucstr_with_cmgr (msg, &mbslen, hawk->xerrmsg, &wcslen, hawk_getcmgr(hawk), 1);
 
 	return hawk->xerrmsg;
 #else
-	return (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk, hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
+	return (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -234,13 +234,13 @@ void hawk_geterrinf (hawk_t* hawk, hawk_errinf_t* errinf)
 {
 	errinf->num = hawk->_gem.errnum;
 	errinf->loc = hawk->_gem.errloc;
-	hawk_copy_oocstr (errinf->msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(errinf->msg), (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0'? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk, hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg));
+	hawk_copy_oocstr (errinf->msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(errinf->msg), (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0'? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg));
 }
 
 void hawk_geterror (hawk_t* hawk, hawk_errnum_t* errnum, const hawk_ooch_t** errmsg, hawk_loc_t* errloc)
 {
 	if (errnum) *errnum = hawk->_gem.errnum;
-	if (errmsg) *errmsg = (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk, hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
+	if (errmsg) *errmsg = (hawk->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk)(hawk->_gem.errnum): hawk->_gem.errmsg;
 	if (errloc) *errloc = hawk->_gem.errloc;
 }
 
@@ -398,12 +398,12 @@ const hawk_loc_t* hawk_rtx_geterrloc (hawk_rtx_t* rtx)
 const hawk_bch_t* hawk_rtx_geterrbmsg (hawk_rtx_t* rtx)
 {
 #if defined(HAWK_OOCH_IS_BCH)
-	return (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
+	return (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
 #else
 	const hawk_ooch_t* msg;
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 
-	msg = (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
+	msg = (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
 
 	mbslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(rtx->xerrmsg);
 	hawk_conv_ucstr_to_bcstr_with_cmgr (msg, &wcslen, rtx->xerrmsg, &mbslen, hawk_rtx_getcmgr(rtx));
@@ -418,14 +418,14 @@ const hawk_uch_t* hawk_rtx_geterrumsg (hawk_rtx_t* rtx)
 	const hawk_ooch_t* msg;
 	hawk_oow_t wcslen, mbslen;
 
-	msg = (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
+	msg = (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
 
 	wcslen = HAWK_COUNTOF(rtx->xerrmsg);
 	hawk_conv_bcstr_to_ucstr_with_cmgr (msg, &mbslen, rtx->xerrmsg, &wcslen, hawk_rtx_getcmgr(rtx), 1);
 
 	return rtx->xerrmsg;
 #else
-	return (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
+	return (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -433,13 +433,13 @@ void hawk_rtx_geterrinf (hawk_rtx_t* rtx, hawk_errinf_t* errinf)
 {
 	errinf->num = rtx->_gem.errnum;
 	errinf->loc = rtx->_gem.errloc;
-	hawk_copy_oocstr (errinf->msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(errinf->msg), (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0'? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg));
+	hawk_copy_oocstr (errinf->msg, HAWK_COUNTOF(errinf->msg), (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0'? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg));
 }
 
 void hawk_rtx_geterror (hawk_rtx_t* rtx, hawk_errnum_t* errnum, const hawk_ooch_t** errmsg, hawk_loc_t* errloc)
 {
 	if (errnum) *errnum = rtx->_gem.errnum;
-	if (errmsg) *errmsg = (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
+	if (errmsg) *errmsg = (rtx->_gem.errmsg[0] == '\0')? hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(rtx->_gem.errnum): rtx->_gem.errmsg;
 	if (errloc) *errloc = rtx->_gem.errloc;
 }
 
diff --git a/hawk/lib/hawk.c b/hawk/lib/hawk.c
index 0ca2e809..4a6d0241 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/hawk.c
+++ b/hawk/lib/hawk.c
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ int hawk_init (hawk_t* awk, hawk_mmgr_t* mmgr, hawk_cmgr_t* cmgr, const hawk_prm
 	awk->_gem.errloc.line = 0;
 	awk->_gem.errloc.colm = 0;
 	awk->_gem.errloc.file = HAWK_NULL;
-	awk->errstr = hawk_dflerrstr;
+	awk->errstr = hawk_dfl_errstr;
 	awk->haltall = 0;
 
 	/* progagate the primitive functions */
diff --git a/hawk/lib/hawk.h b/hawk/lib/hawk.h
index 6217d1ef..bf77335b 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/hawk.h
+++ b/hawk/lib/hawk.h
@@ -1278,7 +1278,6 @@ typedef struct hawk_errinf_t hawk_errinf_t;
  * object with the hawk_seterrstr() function to customize an error string.
  */
 typedef const hawk_ooch_t* (*hawk_errstr_t) (
-	hawk_t*       awk,   /**< awk */
 	hawk_errnum_t num    /**< error number */
 );
 
diff --git a/hawk/lib/mod-sys.c b/hawk/lib/mod-sys.c
index f060c615..9bd42d69 100644
--- a/hawk/lib/mod-sys.c
+++ b/hawk/lib/mod-sys.c
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ static hawk_int_t set_error_on_sys_list (hawk_rtx_t* rtx, sys_list_t* sys_list,
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		hawk_rtx_fmttooocstr (rtx, sys_list->ctx.errmsg, HAWK_COUNTOF(sys_list->ctx.errmsg), HAWK_T("%js"), hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx), errnum));
+		hawk_rtx_fmttooocstr (rtx, sys_list->ctx.errmsg, HAWK_COUNTOF(sys_list->ctx.errmsg), HAWK_T("%js"), hawk_geterrstr(hawk_rtx_gethawk(rtx))(errnum));
 	}
 	return ERRNUM_TO_RC(errnum);
 }